CH. 7: DIAGNOSTIC TERMS

Question 1

MRI ultrasound fusion biopsy

Answer 1

combination of magnetic resonance imaging with transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) to obtain a tissue from a prostate lesion. Software merges an existing MR image with live ultrasound images. The combined, or fused, MRI-TRUS image is used to direct the biopsy needle into the area of the prostate that looks suspicious on MRI (also called MRI-TRUS fusion, MR-ultrasound fusion, and fusion guided biopsy)

Question 2

multiparametric MRI

Answer 2

magnetic resonance imaging procedure providing information of anatomic structure and physiology for the staging of prostate cancer. It uses a combination of different MRI modalities to better understand the size and extent of prostate tumors.

Question 3

transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)

Answer 3

ultrasound procedure used to diagnose prostate cancer. Sound waves are sent and received by a transducer probe that is placed into the rectum.

Question 4

prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

Answer 4

blood test that measures the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood. Elevated test results may indicate the presence of prostate cancer, urinary or prostatic infection, or excess prostate tissue, as found in benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostatitis.

Question 5

semen analysis

Answer 5

microscopic observation of ejaculated semen, revealing the size, structure, and movement of sperm; used to evaluate male infertility and to determine the effectiveness of a vasectomy (also called sperm count and sperm test)

Question 6

total testosterone

Answer 6

blood test to measure the level of the hormone responsible for male physical characteristic (testosterone); used to detect multiple conditions in men and women, including infertility.

Question 7

digital rectal examination (DRE)

Answer 7

physical examination in which the healthcare provider inserts a gloved finger into the rectum and palpates the prostate through the rectal wall to determine the size, shape, and consistency of the gland; used to screen for BPH and prostate cancer. BPH usu. presents as a uniform, nontender enlargement, whereas cancer usu. presents as a stony hard nodule.