CH. 11: Disease & Disorder Terms Flashcards
appendicitis
inflammation of the appendix
cheilitis
inflammation of the lips
cholangioma
tumor of the bile duct
cholecystitis
inflammation of the gallbladder
choledocholithiasis
condition of stones in the common bile duct
cholelithiasis
condition of gallstones
colitis
inflammation of the colon
diverticulitis
inflammation of a diverticulum
diverticulosis
abnormal condition of having diverticula
dysentery
disorder [inflammation –> intestines usu. large], ass. w/ AP & D [bloody]
painful intestines (disorder that involves inflammation of the intestines, usu. the large intestine, associated with abdominal pain and diarrhea that is often bloody)
enteritis
inflammation of the intestines
enteropathy
disease of the intestines
esophagitis
inflammation of the esophagus
gastritis
inflammation of the stomach
gastroenteritis
inflammation of the stomach and intestines
gingivitis
inflammation of the gums
glossitis
inflammation of the tongue
hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
hepatoma
tumor of the liver
pancreatitis
inflammation of the pancreas
peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum
polyposis
abnormal condition of (multiple) polyps (in the mucous membrane of the intestine, esp. the colon)
proctitis
inflammation of the rectum
rectocele
hernia of the rectum
sialolith
stone in the salivary gland
steatohepatitis
ass. w/ EF; AA & O; over time –> cirrhosis
inflammation of the liver associated with (excess) fat; (often caused by alcohol abuse and obesity; over time may lead to cirrhosis)
stomatitis
inflammation of the mouth (mucous membrane)
uvulitis
inflammation of the uvula
adhesion
growing together [2 PS norm. separate]; after abdom. surgery; treatment –> [2]
abnormal growing together of two peritoneal surfaces that normally are separated; may occur after abdominal surgery. Surgical treatment is called adhesiolysis or adhesiotomy.
celiac disease (malabsorption syndrome [immune reaction --> gluten --> small intestine lining damage, FA bloodstream], multisystem disorder w/ S&S [9]; pruritic SR aka DH --> ass. w/ CD [also called what?])
malabsorption syndrome caused by an immune reaction to gluten (a protein in wheat, rye, and barley), which may damage the lining of the small intestine that is responsible for absorption of food into the bloodstream; considered a multisystem disorder with varying signs and symptoms, including abdominal bloating and pain, chronic diarrhea or constipation, steatorrhea (excessive fat in the stool), vomiting, weight loss, fatigue, and iron deficiency anemia; a pruritic skin rash known as dermatitis herpetiformis may be associated with celiac disease (also called gluten enteropathy)
cirrhosis
[chronic] disease [liver] –> GD of cells/scar tissue form.; caused by what? [2]
chronic disease of the liver with gradual destruction of cells and formation of scar tissue; commonly caused by alcoholism and certain types of viral hepatitis
Crohn disease
[chronic] inflammation [IT] usu. –> [2]; cobblestone ulcerations/scar tissue formation –> IO [also called what?]
chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract usu. affecting the ileum and colon; characterized by cobblestone ulcerations and the formation of scar tissue that may lead to intestinal obstruction (also called regional ileitis or regional enteritis)
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
[backward] flow [GI contents] –> esophagus, causing what? [2]
abnormal backward flow of the gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus, causing heartburn and the gradual breakdown of the mucous barrier of the esophagus
hemochromatosis
IM disorder; too much iron [absorbed –> food], iron deposits [tissue]; can cause what? [4]
iron metabolism disorder that occurs when too much iron is absorbed from food, resulting in excessive deposits of iron in the tissue; can cause heart failure, diabetes, cirrhosis, or cancer of the liver
hemorrhoids
[swollen/distended] veins [rectum/anus], internal/external, RB & P
swollen or distended veins in the rectum or anus, which are called internal or external, respectively, and can be a source of rectal bleeding and pain.
ileus
[nonmechanical] obstruction [intestine], peristalsis lack
nonmechanical obstruction of the intestine, caused by a lack of effective peristalsis (involuntary wavelike movements that propel food along the gastrointestinal tract)
intussusception
prolapse, one intestine part [inside next part]; most common [infants]; symptoms [3]
prolapse of one part of the intestine inside the part next to it; most common in infants; symptoms may include intestinal blockage, abdominal pain with cramping, or a lump that can be felt from the outside.
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
[periodic] disturbances [BF] [2], usu. [abdom. pain]
periodic disturbances of bowel function, such as diarrhea and/or constipation, usu. associated with abdominal pain
obesity
condition, BMI, 30kg+
excess body fat, which increases body weight; a condition in which body mass index (BMI) is greater than 30 kg/m2. Overweight is defined as BMI between 25 and 29.9 kg/m2. Morbid obesity is defined as a BMI over 40kg/m2.
peptic ulcer
erosion [mucous mem. of what? 2], acid secretion, bac. infection, meds [NSAID — often referred to as what?]
erosion of the mucous membrane of the stomach or duodenum associated with increased secretion of acid from the stomach, bacterial infection (H. pylori) or medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (often referred to as gastric or duodenal ulcer, depending on its location)
polyp
[tumorlike] growth, outward [mucous mem.]; usu. what?; common sites are n, t, & i.
tumorlike growth extending outward from a mucous membrane; usu. benign; common sites are in the nose, throat, and intestines
ulcerative colitis (UC) (disease, colon inflam., ulcer form., BD; proctocolectomy w/ PI --- no response to MT)
disease characterized by inflammation of the colon with formation of ulcers, which can cause bloody diarrhea. A proctocolectomy with permanent ileostomy may become necessary if the patient doesn’t respond to medical therapy.
volvulus
twisting/kinking [of intestine] — IO
twisting or kinking of the intestine, causing intestinal obstruction
