CH. 10: Blood Disease/Disorder Terms

Question 1

embolism

Answer 1

state of a plug (blood clot or foreign material, such as air or fat, lodged inside a blood vessel)

Question 2

embolus (pl. emboli)

Answer 2

plug

Question 3

erythrocytopenia

Answer 3

abnormal reduction of red (blood) cells (also called anemia)

Question 4

hematoma

Answer 4

tumor of blood (collection of blood that has leaked out of a broken vessel into the surrounding tissue)

Question 5

hemorrhage

Answer 5

excessive flow of blood (bleeding internally or externally)

Question 6

leukocytopenia

Answer 6

abnormal reduction of white (blood) cells (also called leukopenia)

Question 7

multiple myeloma

Answer 7

tumors of the bone marrow

Question 8

pancytopenia

Answer 8

abnormal reduction of all (blood cells)

Question 9

thrombocytopenia

Answer 9

abnormal reduction of blood clotting cells (platelets)

Question 10

thrombosis

Answer 10

abnormal condition of a blood clot

Question 11

thrombus

Answer 11

blood clot (attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein)

Question 12

hemolysis

Answer 12

dissolution of (red) blood (cells); the breakdown of red blood cells at the end of their life cycles

Question 13

hematologist

Answer 13

physician who studies and treats diseases of the blood

Question 14

hemostasis

Answer 14

stoppage of bleeding

Question 15

plasmapheresis

Answer 15

removal of plasma (from withdrawn blood)

Question 16

phlebotomy

Answer 16

incision into a vein (with a needle to remove blood for testing)

Question 17

thrombolysis

Answer 17

dissolution of a blood clot

Question 18

anemia

Answer 18

condition in which there is a reduction in the number of erythrocytes (RBCs) Anemia may be caused by blood loss, by decreased production of RBCs, or by increased destruction of RBCs.

Question 19

bleeding disorder

Answer 19

disease in which there is an inability to form proper blood clots; examples include hemophilia, von Willebrand disease, and bleeding factor deficiencies

Question 20

hemophilia

Answer 20

inherited bleeding disorder most commonly caused by a deficiency of the coagulation factor VIII

Question 21

leukemia

Answer 21

malignant disease characterized by excessive increase in abnormal leukocytes (white blood cells) formed in the bone marrow

Question 22

sepsis

Answer 22

systemic inflammatory response caused by pathogenic microorganisms, usu. bacteria, entering the bloodstream and multiplying; life-threatening condition which may lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and death; the overwhelming presence of pathogens in the blood is called septicemia.

Question 23

sickle cell disease

Answer 23

group of inherited red blood cell disorders (anemias) where hemoglobin is abnormally shaped and has a shorter life cycle.

Question 24

thalassemia

Answer 24

inherited bleeding disorder causing reduced production of healthy blood cells and hemoglobin.