CH. 5: Complementary Terms Flashcards
acapnia
condition of absence (less than normal level) of carbon dioxide (in the blood)
anoxia
condition of absence (deficiency) of oxygen
aphonia
condition of absence of voice
apnea
absence of breathing
dysphonia
condition of difficult speaking (voice)
dyspnea
difficult breathing
eupnea
normal breathing
hemoptysis
coughing of blood (or blood-stained sputum)
hypercapnia
condition of excessive carbon dioxide (in the blood)
hyperpnea
excessive breathing
hypocapnia
condition of deficient carbon dioxide (in the blood)
hypopnea
deficient breathing
hypoxemia
deficient oxygen in the blood
hypoxia
condition of deficient oxygen (to the tissues)
orthopnea
breathing (more easily) in a straight (upright position) (indicates difficulty breathing in the supine position)
rhinorrhea
discharge from the nose (as in a cold)
tachypnea
rapid breathing
tachypnea
rapid breathing
pulmonologist
physician who studies and treats diseases of the lung
pulmonology
study of the lung (a branch of medicine dealing with diseases of the lung)
alveolar
pertaining to the alveolus
bronchoalveolar
pertaining to the bronchi and alveoli
diaphragmatic
pertaining to the diaphragm
endotracheal
pertaining to within the trachea
intrapleural
pertaining to within the pleura (space between the two pleural membranes)
laryngeal
pertaining to the larynx
mediastinal
pertaining to the mediastinum
mucoid
resembling mucus
mucous
pertaining to mucus
nasopharyngeal
pertaining to the nose and pharynx
pulmonary
pertaining to the lungs
septal
pertaining to the septum
thoracic
pertaining to the chest
crackles
discontinuous sounds heard primarily with a stethoscope during inspiration that resemble the sound of the rustling of cellophane; often heard at the base of the lung posteriorly in heart failure, pneumonia, and pulmonary fibrosis (also called rales).
effusion
escape of fluid into tissue or body cavity
hyperventilation
ventilation of the lungs beyond normal body needs
hypoventilation
ventilation of the lungs that does not fulfill the body’s gas exchange needs
paroxysm
periodic, sudden attack
rhonchi
low-pitched, with a snoring quality, breath sounds heard with a stethoscope suggesting secretions in the large airways
stridor
harsh, high-pitched breath sound heard on inspiration; indicates an acute laryngeal obstruction
wheeze
whistling noise with a high pitch, caused by air flowing through narrowed airways. Commonly associated with asthma and chronic bronchitis.
bronchoconstrictor
agent causing narrowing of the bronchi
bronchodilator
agent causing the bronchi to widen
nebulizer
device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory treatment
ventilator
mechanical device used to assist with or substitute for breathing
mucopurulent
containing both mucus and pus
patent
open, the opposite of close or compromised, thus allowing passage of air, as in patent trachea and bronchi (can be applied to any tubular passageway in the body, as in a patent artery, allowing passage of blood)
sputum
mucus from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea expelled through the mouth
airway
passageway by which air enters and leaves the lungs as well as a mechanical device used to keep the air passageway unobstructed
aspirate
to withdraw fluid or suction fluid; also to draw foreign material into the respiratory tract
nosocomial infection
an infection acquired during hospitalization
