CH. 12: Disease & Disorder Terms

Question 1

aphakia

Answer 1

condition of without a lens (may be congenital, though often is the result of extraction of a cataract without the placement of an intraocular lens)

Question 2

blepharitis

Answer 2

inflammation of the eyelid

Question 3

blepharoptosis

Answer 3

drooping of the eyelid (also called ptosis)

Question 4

conjunctivitis

Answer 4

inflammation of the conjunctiva (also called pink eye)

Question 5

dacryocystitis

Answer 5

inflammation of the tear (lacrimal) sac

Question 6

diplopia

Answer 6

double vision

Question 7

endophthalmitis

Answer 7

inflammation within the eye

Question 8

iridoplegia

Answer 8

paralysis of the iris

Question 9

iritis

Answer 9

inflammation of the iris

Question 10

keratitis

Answer 10

inflammation of the cornea

Question 11

keratomalacia

Answer 11

softening of the cornea (usu. a bilateral condition associated with vitamin A deficiency)

Question 12

leukocoria

Answer 12

condition of white pupil

Question 13

oculomycosis

Answer 13

abnormal condition of the eye caused by a fungus

Question 14

ophthalmalgia

Answer 14

pain in the eye

Question 15

ophthalmopathy

Answer 15

(any) disease of the eye

Question 16

ophthalmoplegia

Answer 16

paralysis of the eye (muscle)

Question 17

phacomalacia

Answer 17

softening of the lens

Question 18

retinoblastoma

Answer 18

tumor arising from a developing retinal cell (malignant, may be congenital; occurs mainly in children)

Question 19

retinopathy

Answer 19

(any noninflammatory) disease of the retina (such as diabetic retinopathy)

Question 20

scleritis

Answer 20

inflammation of the sclera

Question 21

scleromalacia

Answer 21

softening of the sclera

Question 22

uveitis

Answer 22

inflammation of the uvea

Question 23

uveoscleritis

Answer 23

inflammation of the uvea and sclera

Question 24

xerophthalmia

Answer 24

condition of dry eye (conjunctiva and cornea)

Question 25

amblyopia

Answer 25

reduced vision in one eye caused by disuse or misuse associated with strabismus, unequal refractive errors, or otherwise impaired vision. The brain suppresses images from the impaired eye to avoid double vision (also called lazy eye).

Question 26

anisometropia

Answer 26

significant unequal refractive error between two eyes

Question 27

astigmatism (Ast)

Answer 27

blurred vision caused by irregular curvature of the cornea or lens. Light refracts improperly, resulting in diffused, rather than points of light focusing on the retina.

Question 28

cataract

Answer 28

clouding of the lens of the eye

Question 29

chalazion

Answer 29

noninfected obstruction of an oil gland of the eyelid (also called meibomian cyst)

Question 30

drusen

Answer 30

yellowish deposits located under the retina; commonly associated with aging and macular degeneration

Question 31

glaucoma

Answer 31

eye disorder characterized by increase of intraocular pressure (IOP). If left untreated may progress to optic nerve damage and visual impairment or loss.

Question 32

hyperopia

Answer 32

farsightedness

Question 33

hyphema

Answer 33

hemorrhage within the anterior chamber of the eye; most often caused by blunt trauma (also called hyphemia)

Question 34

macular degeneration

Answer 34

progressive deterioration of the portion of the retina called the macula, resulting in loss of central vision. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of legal blindness in persons older than 65 years; onset occurs between the ages of 50 and 60.

Question 35

myopia

Answer 35

nearsightedness

Question 36

nyctalopia

Answer 36

poor vision at night or in faint light (also called night blindness)

Question 37

nystagmus

Answer 37

involuntary, jerking movements of the eyes

Question 38

pinguecula

Answer 38

yellowish mass on the conjunctiva that may be related to long-term exposure to ultraviolet light, dry climates, and dust. A pinguecula that spreads onto the cornea becomes a pterygium.

Question 39

presbyopia

Answer 39

impaired vision as a result of aging

Question 40

pterygium

Answer 40

thin tissue growing onto the cornea from the conjunctiva, usu. caused by sun exposure.

Question 41

retinal detachment

Answer 41

separation of the retina from the choroid in posterior portion of the eye resulting in a disruption of vision that may be permanent if treatment is delayed; onset may be gradual or sudden and is not painful.

Question 42

retinitis pigmentosa

Answer 42

hereditary, progressive disease marked by night blindness with atrophy and retinal pigment changes

Question 43

strabismus

Answer 43

condition in which the eyes look in different directions; caused by dysfunction of the external eye muscles or an uncorrected refractive error (called cross-eyed when one eye turns in)

Question 44

sty

Answer 44

infection of an oil gland of the eyelid (also spelled stye and also called hordeolum)