CH. 6: Disease & Disorder Terms

Question 1

cystitis

Answer 1

inflammation of the bladder

Question 2

cystocele

Answer 2

protrusion of the bladder

Question 3

cystolith

Answer 3

stone(s) in the bladder

Question 4

glomerulonephritis

Answer 4

inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney

Question 5

hydronephrosis

Answer 5

abnormal condition of water in the kidney (swelling of the kidney due to a build up of urine; usu. from a blockage in the ureter)

Question 6

nephritis

Answer 6

inflammation of a kidney

Question 7

nephroblastoma

Answer 7

kidney tumor containing developing (germ) cells (malignant tumor) (also called Wilms tumor)

Question 8

nephrolithiasis

Answer 8

condition of stone(s) in the kidney

Question 9

nephroma

Answer 9

tumor of the kidney

Question 10

nephromegaly

Answer 10

enlargement of a kidney

Question 11

nephroptosis

Answer 11

drooping kidney (also called floating kidney)

Question 12

pyelitis

Answer 12

inflammation of the renal pelvis

Question 13

pyelonephritis

Answer 13

inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney

Question 14

uremia

Answer 14

urine (urea nitrogen) in the blood (refers the presence of azotemia and a wide range of signs and symptoms associated with chronic kidney disease, including polyuria [excessive urination], polydipsia [excessive thirst], vomiting, and weight loss; associated with renal failure) (also called uremic syndrome)

Question 15

ureteritis

Answer 15

inflammation of a ureter

Question 16

ureterocele

Answer 16

protrusion of a ureter (distally into the bladder)

Question 17

ureterolithiasis

Answer 17

condition of stone(s) in the ureter

Question 18

urethritis

Answer 18

inflammation of the urethra

Question 19

ureterostenosis

Answer 19

narrowing of the ureter

Question 20

urethrocystitis

Answer 20

inflammation of the urethra and the bladder

Question 21

vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)

Answer 21

reflux pertaining to the bladder and ureter (condition in which urine flows backward towards the kidneys. May occur in up to 10% of children, and in some adults)

Question 22

acute kidney injury (AKI)

Answer 22

abrupt decline in kidney function that occurs over hours to days and is usu. reversible (also called acute renal failure [ARF])

Question 23

chronic kidney disease (CKD)

Answer 23

progressive, irreversible loss of kidney function (also called chronic renal failure [CRF])

Question 24

end-stage renal disease (ESRD)

Answer 24

condition in which kidneys no longer function on their own; dialysis or kidney transplantation is necessary for survival

Question 25

epispadias

Answer 25

congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the upper surface of the penis

Question 26

hypospadias

Answer 26

congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the underside of the penis; females may also have a form where the urinary meatus is unusually located

Question 27

polycystic kidney disease (PKD)

Answer 27

condition in which the kidney contains many cysts causing progressive interference with the ability to form urine

Question 28

renal calculus (pl. calculi)

Answer 28

stone in the kidney

Question 29

renal hypertension

Answer 29

elevated blood pressure resulting from kidney disease

Question 30

urinary retention

Answer 30

abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder because of an inability to urinate

Question 31

urinary suppression

Answer 31

sudden stoppage of urine formation

Question 32

urinary tract infection (UTI)

Answer 32

infection of one or more organs of the urinary tract