Ch. 7 Alcohol

Question 1

alcoholic beverages consist primarily of ____, ___, and ___

Answer 1

water, ethanol, sugar

Question 2

calories in alcohol come from…

Answer 2

carbohydrates and alcohol

Question 3

definition of drink
__ fl oz wine
___ fl oz of beer
___ fl oz of distilled spirits

Answer 3

5, 12, 1.5

Question 4

how is alcohol absorbed? where?

Answer 4

via simple diffusion, along entire GI tract

Question 5

about __% of alcohol is absorbed in the stomach

Answer 5

20%

Question 6

about __% of alcohol is metabolized by the liver, __% excreted in urine, and ____ is eliminated via ___

Answer 6

90%, 5%, remainder, lungs

Question 7

two primary pathways of alcohol metabolism

Answer 7

• cytosol alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)

- microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS)

Question 8

when larger amounts of alcohol are consumed, ____ activity increase

Answer 8

MEOS

Question 9

women have lower activity of ____ __ and less ____ than men

Answer 9

stomach ADH, body water

Question 10

products of alcohol metabolism by ___ promote _____

Answer 10

ADH, fat synthesis

Question 11

__________ are generated in the MEOS pathway

Answer 11

reactive oxygen molecules

Question 12

when alcohol intake exceeds the ability of the liver to break it down, ______ can occur

Answer 12

alcohol intoxication/alcohol poisoning

Question 13

in alcohol intoxication/alcohol poisoning, the circulating alcohol affects _______

Answer 13

CNS, breathing, and heart rate

Question 14

one gram of alcohol = __ kcal

Answer 14

7 kcal

Question 15

long-term excessive alcohol consumption causes malnutrition, including…

Answer 15

• decreased overall nutrient intake
• interfering with nutrient absorption/storage/metabolism/excretion
• increasing kcal intake

Question 16

long-term excessive alcohol consumption generates toxins and free radicals that cause..

Answer 16

• liver damage: fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis
• hypertension, HD, and stroke
• incr risk of certain cancers

Question 17

liver damage from alcohol includes…

Answer 17

fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis

Question 18

moderate drinking per day….
men =
women =

Answer 18

men = 2 drinks, women = 1 drink

Question 19

moderate drinking benefits

Answer 19

• lowest mortality

- reduced risk for HD and stroke

Question 20

moderate = \_\_\_ for CV health
heavy = \_\_\_ for CV health

Answer 20

beneficial, detrimental