Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Ch. 6 - Skeletal System Study Guide & Abbreviations > Flashcards

Ch. 6 - Skeletal System Study Guide & Abbreviations Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

C1, C2, C3,…

A

cervical vertebra 1, 2, 3, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

DEXA

A

dual energy x-ray absorptiometry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

DIP

A

distal interphalangeal (joint)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fx

A

fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

L1, L2, L3,…

A

lumbar vertebra 1, 2, 3, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

LLE

A

left lower extremity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

LUE

A

left upper extremity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MCP

A

metacarpophalangeal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

MTP

A

metatarsophalangeal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

PIP

A

proximal interphalangeal (joint)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

RLE

A

right lower extremity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

RUE

A

right upper extremity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

S1

A

sacrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T1, T2, T3,…

A

thoracic vertebra 1, 2, 3, etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

THA

A

total hip arthroplasty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

THR

A

total hip replacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

TKA

A

total knee arthroplasty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

TKR

A

total knee replacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

TMJ

A

temporomandibular joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How many bones in the body

A

206

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

5 functions of the skeletal system

A

support the body
protect vital organs
points for attachment for muscles, ligaments, tendons
store minerals (calcium/phosphorus)
red marrow makes blood cells (hematopoiesis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

bones are classified according to…

A

shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

5 bone shapes:

A 
long
short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

diaphysis

A

shaft of long bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

epiphysis

A

end of long bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

epiphyseal line/plate

A

cartilage separating the diaphysis from epiphysis

= new growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

periosteum

A

thick, white fibrous membrane that covers diaphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

articular cartilage

A

hyaline cartilage that covers epiphysis/surface of joints

covers end of long bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

medullary cavity

A

contains yellow marrow (fat cells and blood cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

red bone marrow

A

stored in epiphyses/flat bones (adults)

blood cell production (hematopoiesis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

ossification

A

bone formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

osteoblasts

A

immature bone cells

build bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

osteoclasts

A

large cells that digest or absorb bone - break it down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

works together to remodel bone

A

osteoblasts and osteoclasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

osteocytes

A

mature bone cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

trochanter

A

large bony process below the neck of the femur

point for muscle attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

tuberosity

A

elevated, broad, rounded process on bone

point for muscle or tendon attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

condyle

A

“knuckle-like” projection

back of knee (at the distal femur)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

fontanel

A

space between the bones of an infant’s cranium

covered by a tough membrane

40
Q

suture

A

joint between two bones that does not permit any movement

41
Q

only moveable bone of the skull

A

mandible

42
Q

concha (turbinates)

A

bones in the nasal cavity

43
Q

hyoid bone

A

below mandible

suspended by ligaments

44
Q

24 vertebrae, sacrum, and coccyx

A

vertebral bones

45
Q

Four functions of the vertebral column:

A

allow good range of motion
support body
points for muscle attachment
protects spinal cord

46
Q

intervertebral disks

A

shock absorbers between vertebrae in spinal column

47
Q

foramen

A

a hole in a bone where blood vessels and nerves pass

48
Q

what is the thorax?

A

rib cage and sternum (thoracic cavity)

49
Q

function of the thoracic cavity

A

protect the heart and lungs

50
Q

malleolus

A

distal end of tibia/fibula

51
Q

meniscus

A

crescent-shaped cartilage (knee)

52
Q

where are the cervical vertebrae/how many

A

neck - 7

53
Q

difference between diaphysis/epiphysis

A

diaphysis: shaft of long bone
epiphysis: end of long bone

54
Q

hematopoiesis

A

formation of blood cells

55
Q

where are the lumbar vertebrae/how many

A

low back - 5

56
Q

difference between osteoclasts/osteoblasts

A

osteoclasts - crush bone

osteoblasts - build bone

57
Q

blood cells are produced in:

A

red bone marrow

58
Q

immovable joints of the cranium

A

sutures

59
Q

function of tuberosities/trochanters

A

point for muscle attachment

60
Q

osteoporosis

A

porous bones due to loss of bone density

61
Q

osteomyelitis

A

bacterial infection of bone and bone marrow
spread to the bone from the blood
injury or surgery

62
Q

osteomalacia

A

disease where bones become abnormally soft
deficiency of calcium and phosphorus
results in fractures and noticeable deformities of weight-bearing bones

63
Q

kyphosis

A

humpback

abnormal curve of thoracic spine

64
Q

lordosis

A

swayback

abnormal inward curve of lumbar spine

65
Q

scoliosis

A

abnormal lateral curve of the spine

66
Q

dextroscoliosis

A

curve to the right (scoliosis)

67
Q

levoscoliosis

A

curve to the left (scoliosis)

68
Q

spinal stenosis

A

narrowing of the spinal cord canal

69
Q

compound (open) fracture

A

bone breaks through the skin

70
Q

closed fracture

A

simple fracture

71
Q

comminuted fracture

A

splinters or crushes a segment of bone

plate and screws for healing

72
Q

greenstick fracture

A

breaks on one side, bent on the other

73
Q

compression fracture

A

bones forced against each other

74
Q

impacted fracture

A

direct force causes broken end of smaller bone into broken end of larger bone

75
Q

Colles’ fracture

A

at the distal end of the radius (common)

76
Q

bone scan

A

dye is injected though an IV

detects the spread of cancer, osteomyelitis, and destructive changes to bone

77
Q

bone marrow aspiration

A

bone marrow withdrawn to examine or transfuse

78
Q

DEXA scan

A

bone mineral density (BMD)

79
Q

location of occipital lobe

A

beneath the occipital bone at the back of the head

80
Q

what is a tuberosity and its function

A

elevated broad rounded process of a bone

attachment of muscles or tendons

81
Q

what is formed in red marrow

A

cells (production)

82
Q

hard outer shell of bone

A

compact bone

83
Q

where is the radius located

A

lower arm bone, thumb side

84
Q

where is the scapula located

A

on the upper back

shoulder blade

85
Q

smallest leg bone

A

fibula

86
Q

lower portion of the sternum

A

xiphoid process

87
Q

floating ribs

A

last two pairs of ribs (11 - 12)

88
Q

false ribs

A

ribs 8-10

89
Q

true ribs

A

ribs 1-7

90
Q

vertebral arch

A

posterior part of the vertebra

91
Q

manubrium

A

broad upper end of the sternum

92
Q

acromion

A

spoon-shaped projection of the scapula

connects with the clavicle to form highest point of shoulder

93
Q

phalanges

A

bones of fingers and toes

94
Q

ilium

A

largest of three hip bones

flat bone - good source of bone marrow

95
Q

ischium

A

lowest part of the hip bones

strongest of the pelvic bones

96
Q

acetabulum

A

formed by segments of the ilium, ischium, and pubis

socket for the femur and hip

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions