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Medical Terminology > Ch. 11 Respiratory System Study Guide/Abbreviations > Flashcards

Ch. 11 Respiratory System Study Guide/Abbreviations Flashcards

1
Q

Upper respiratory tract includes . . .

A

nose, pharynx, larynx

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2
Q

Lower respiratory tract includes . . .

A

trachea, bronchi, lungs

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3
Q

The purpose of nose hairs is . . .

A

to help keep out foreign objects

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4
Q

Nostrils are called . . .

A

nares (naris)

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5
Q

The septum is . . .

A

the dividing wall

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6
Q

What lines the nose and sinuses?

A

mucous membranes

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7
Q

What is the function of mucous membranes?

A

to warm and filter air

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8
Q

Pale mucous membranes . . .

A

are called pallor

sign of anemia

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9
Q

Icterus (jaundice) . . .

A

yellow mucous membranes

sign of hyperbilirubinemia

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10
Q

Hair-like projections in the mucous membranes lining the respiratory tract are called:

A

cilia

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11
Q

The pharynx is divided into 3 parts:

A

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

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12
Q

_________ is located in the nasopharynx.

A

adenoids

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13
Q

_________ is located in the oropharynx.

A

tonsils

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14
Q

What is the function of adenoids and tonsils?

A

Help filter out bacteria and foreign matter

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15
Q

__________ is a small flap of cartilage that covers the opening of the larynx.

A

epiglottis

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16
Q

Why does the epiglottis cover the opening of the pharynx?

A

To prevent food and liquids from going to the lungs.

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17
Q

Larynx or _______

A

voice box

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18
Q

What is contained in the larynx?

A

vocal cords

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19
Q

Trachea or ________

A

windpipe

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20
Q

The trachea is located . . .

A

lies in front of the esophagus

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21
Q

What does the trachea do?

A

Passageway for air to bronchi

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22
Q

The trachea has _____________ to provide rigidity.

A

cartilage rings

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23
Q

The bronchi are . . .

A

2 tubes branching from the trachea.

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24
Q

Bronchi turn into __________________ which terminate at the _________________.

A

bronchioles (smaller)

alveoli (air sacs)

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25
Alveoli have very thin walls to allow for . . .
gas exchange
26
Alveoli are also called:
pulmonary parenchyma
27
Lungs are divided into:
right lung = 3 lobes | left lung = 2 lobes
28
The pleura is a . . .
double folded membrane
29
How many pleura are there?
two
30
The parietal pleura is . . .
outer layer | lines thoracic cavity
31
The visceral pleura is . . .
inner layer | covers the lungs
32
The top of the lung is called . . .
apex
33
The bottom of the lung is called . . .
base
34
The _________ is where bronchi, blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics ____________________.
hilum | enter the lungs
35
The ________________ is a place in the thoracic cavity that is in the center and underneath the sternum.
mediastinum
36
This muscle lies below the lungs and is shaped like a parachute
diaphragm
37
______________ for evidence of abnormality by using hands and ______.
palpation | fingers
38
Listening for abnormal sounds with a stethoscope
auscultation
39
Percussion is . . .
Use of the fingertips to tap the body lightly but sharply to determine position, size, and consistency of an underlying structure and the presence of fluid or pus in a cavity.
40
Temporary cessation of breathing . . .
apnea
41
Collapse of part of a lung . . .
atelectasis
42
Cyanosis is blue-gray discoloration of the skin because
not enough oxygen in the blood
43
Difficulty breathing is
dyspnea
44
Another name for a nosebleed
epistaxis
45
Spitting up blood is
hemoptysis
46
Not enough oxygen in the blood is
hypoxemia
47
_____________ is a friction rub caused by inflammation of the ________________
pleural rub | pleural space
48
Expulsion of mucus or phlegm
expectoration
49
Abnormal sounds in the lungs
rales or crackles
50
A runny nose is also called
rhinorrhea
51
Rales or rattlings in the throat
rhonchi
52
Abnormal rapid breathing
tachypnea
53
Abnormal slow breathing
bradypnea
54
Whistling sound from narrowing of airway lumen
wheeze
55
The ____________________ is the recess between the ribs and the lateral-most portion of the diaphragm seen on _______________.
costophrenic angle | chest x-ray
56
Too much CO2 in the blood
hypercapnia
57
High-pitched sounds during inhalation is
stridor
58
Accessory muscles of respiration means:
using extra muscles to breathe
59
Coryza is
common cold
60
_________________ serious infectious disease of the nose, pharynx, and larynx, from a bacteria which can release a toxin that can damage the heart and nerves.
diphtheria
61
Diphtheria can cause . . .
heart failure, paralysis and death
62
Pertussis is also called
whooping cough
63
Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space resulting in dyspnea is
pleural effusion
64
Chronic dilatation of bronchus or bronchi with infection is
bronchiectasis
65
A productive cough does what?
produces phlegm
66
What is a technique for loosening mucus in the airway so that it may be coughed out?
postural drainage
67
How do you perform postural drainage?
Tapping is performed in certain areas with the patient in different positions.
68
Emphysema is . . .
a chronic pulmonary disease | it is under the umbrella/classification of COPD
69
This happens with emphysema
dilation or destruction of alveoli
70
What is the major cause of emphysema?
smoking
71
Air between the lung and chest wall is called?
pneumothorax
72
What symptoms appear with a pneumothorax?
sharp pain dyspnea cough
73
What is a thrombus in the lung called?
pulmonary embolism (PE)
74
Most patients who die from PE, do so within what time frame?
2 hours
75
_________________________ is a type of lung cancer and is associated with smoking.
bronchogenic carcinoma
76
Using a scope to look at the bronchi
bronchoscopy
77
Using a scope to look at the larynx
laryngoscopy
78
To visualize sites of abnormal density a _________ is ordered
chest x-ray
79
What is the most common chest x-ray?
PA and lateral
80
_______________ is using a needle to collect pleural fluid for analysis, remove excess pleural fluid, or air from the __________________.
thoracentesis | pleural space
81
ABG
arterial blood gas(es
82
AFB
acid-fast bacilli
83
AP
anteroposterior a directional term used particularly for x-rays "from the front to the back"
84
ARD
acute respiratory distress
85
ARDS
adult respiratory distress syndrome
86
ARF
acute respiratory failure
87
CDC
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
88
CO2
Carbon dioxide
89
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
90
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
91
CXR
chest x-ray
92
DPT
diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus | an immunization for immunity given in childhood
93
IPPB
intermittent positive pressure breathing
94
LLL
left lower lobe (of the lung)
95
LUL
left upper lobe (of the lung)
96
O2
oxygen
97
PA
posteroanterior a directional term used primarily in x-rays "from the back to the front"
98
PaCO2
partial pressure of carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood
99
PaO2
partial pressure of oxygen dissolved in the blood
100
PCP
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
101
PFT(s)
pulmonary function tests
102
PPD
purified protein derivative | substance used in intradermal test for TB; now called TST
103
R
respiration
104
RDS
respiratory distress syndrome
105
RLL
right lower lobe (of the lung)
106
RML
right middle lobe (of the lung)
107
RUL
right upper lobe (of the lung)
108
SIDS
sudden infant death syndrome
109
SOB
shortness of breath
110
T & A
tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
111
TB
tuberculosis
112
TPR
temperature, pulse, and respiration
113
TST
tuberculin skin test
114
URI
upper respiratory infection

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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