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Medical Terminology > Ch. 16 and 17 Male/Female Reproductive Systems Study Guide > Flashcards

Ch. 16 and 17 Male/Female Reproductive Systems Study Guide Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Small, ovoid glands in the scrotum

A

testes

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2
Q

Area between the scrotum and anus in males

A

perineum

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3
Q

Responsible for the production of sperm

A

seminiferous tubules

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4
Q

Sperm formation =

A

spermatogenesis

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5
Q

Tightly coiled tube, comma-shaped, houses sperm until mature

A

epididymis

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6
Q

Mature sperm are stored in the _____________ portion of the epididymis.

A

lower

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7
Q

The epididymis leads to the ____________

A

vas deferens

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8
Q

The vas deferens travels up and around the __________ then down towards the ___________ gland.

A

bladder

prostate

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9
Q

The vas deferens merges with the ____________ vesicle to form the _____________ duct.

A

seminal

ejaculatory

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10
Q

The seminal vesicles secrete a thick, yellowish fluid which makes up a large volume of __________.

A

semen

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11
Q

Each ________________ (1 from each side) passes through the prostate gland.

A

ejaculatory duct

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12
Q

Below the prostate gland are 2 small, pea-sized glands:

A

Cowper’s glands

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13
Q

During intercourse, Cowper’s glands secrete a fluid that:

A

provides lubrication

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14
Q

These 3 glands/vesicles each secrete fluids that nourish sperm and enhance motility:

A

seminal vesicles
Cowper’s glands
prostate gland

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15
Q

One ejaculation =

A

1.5 - 6 mL

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16
Q

1 mL =

A

50 - 150 million sperm

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17
Q

micturition =

A

urination

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18
Q

dysuria =

A

painful urination

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19
Q

exudate =

A

pus

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20
Q

flaccid =

A

weak, lacking normal muscle tone

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21
Q

mucopurulent =

A

combination of mucus and pus

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22
Q

orchidopexy =

A

surgical fixation of an undescended testicle

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23
Q

prepuce =

A

foreskin

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24
Q

Glans penis =

A

tip of penis

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25
Q

BPH

A

benign prostatic hypertrophy

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26
Q

Benign prostatic hypertrophy is

A

enlargement of the prostate gland
creates pressure
obstructs urine flow
usually in men over 50

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27
Q

Hypospadias is

A

urethral opening on the underside of the penis

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28
Q

Hydrocele is

A

accumulation of fluid in any saclike cavity, particularly the scrotal sac

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29
Q

Treatment for hydrocele =

A

surgical removal

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30
Q

An inguinal hernia is:

A

protrusion of the intestine through weakened spot of the muscles

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31
Q

Tightness of the prepuce (foreskin) where it cannot retract:

A

phimosis

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32
Q

Varicose veins of the spermatic cord

A

varicocele

spermatic cord = arteries, veins, lymphatics, nerves, vas deferens

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33
Q

A varicocele causes discomfort and can lower _________ because of _______ generation.

A

sperm count

heat

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34
Q

Genital warts are caused by:

A

HPV (human papillomavirus)

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35
Q

Treatment for HPV:

A

topical medicine
cryosurgery
debridement

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36
Q

HPV is known to cause what in females:

A

cervical cancer

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37
Q

Removing the prepuce is called:

A

circumcision

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38
Q

Common circumcision techniques:

A

Plastibell

Gomco

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39
Q

TURP

A

transurethral resection of the prostate

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40
Q

For a TURP, what type of scope is used?

A

resectoscope

41
Q

The resectoscope is inserted through the urethra to the bladder to remove small pieces of . . .

A

prostate gland

42
Q

Suprapubic prostatectomy is removing prostate through the _______________ above the pubic bone and through the _________________.

A

abdominal wall

bladder cavity

43
Q

The suprapubic prostatectomy is used when the prostate is too large to do a . . .

A

TURP

44
Q

Surgical cutting and typing of the vas deferens to stop the passage of sperm.

A

vasectomy

45
Q

BPH

A

benign prostatic hypertrophy

46
Q

GU

A

genitourinary

47
Q

VDRL

A

venereal disease research laboratory

48
Q

PSA

A

prostate (prostatic) specific antigen

49
Q

KUB

A

kidneys, ureters, bladder

50
Q

IVP

A

intravenous pyelogram

51
Q

mammary gland =

A

lactation

52
Q

The female external genitalia includes mons pubis, labia majora and minora, clitoris, urethra, vaginal orifice, Bartholin’s glands and perineum. This is also called the:

A

vulva or pudenum

53
Q

BUS

A

Bartholin’s, urethra, and Skene’s glands

54
Q

Bartholin’s glands are similar to:

A

Cowper’s glands

55
Q

Skene’s gland is similar to:

A

prostate gland

56
Q

In a female, the perineum is located:

A

between the vaginal orifice and the anus

57
Q

Internal genitalia includes:

A 
vagina
uterus
cervix
tubes
ovaries
58
Q

The pelvis in females is _________ than in males.

A

wider

59
Q

_______________ usually refers to the tubes, ovaries, and ligaments of the uterus:

A

adnexa

60
Q

Cervix:

A

neck of the uterus - protrudes into the vagina

61
Q

Inner lining of the uterus:

A

endometrium

62
Q

Release of an egg each month is

A

ovulation

63
Q

Menorrhea =

A

menstruation

64
Q

Dysmenorrhea =

A

painful menstruation

65
Q

Amenorrhea =

A

absence of menstrual flow

66
Q

Mass that forms on the ovary after ovulation:

A

corpus luteum

67
Q

Menorrhagia =

A

abnormally long periods

68
Q

Menometrorrhagia =

A

irregular bleeding during and between menstrual cycles

69
Q

Myometrium =

A

muscle layer of the uterus

70
Q

Conization =

A

a cone-shaped segment of the uterus removed for biopsy – (cone biopsy)

71
Q

Menarche =

A

first menstrual period

72
Q

Oligomenorrhea =

A

abnormally light or infrequent menstruation

73
Q

Breast carcinoma is . . .

A

breast cancer

74
Q

What is the most common type of breast cancer?

A

ductal carcinoma

invades mammary ducts

75
Q

Downward protrusion of the bladder through the wall of the vagina

A

cystocele

76
Q

Endometriosis is:

A

endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus
scar tissue builds up
very painful

77
Q

Benign cysts that form on or near the ovaries:

A

ovarian cysts

78
Q

Noncancerous tumors in the myometrium

A

uterine fibroids

79
Q

Inability to hold urine when the bladder is stressed:

A

stress incontinence

80
Q

What exercises are used to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles?

A

Kegel

81
Q

Colposcopy is when there is a visual examination of the _______ and _______ with a colposcope.

A

vagina and cervix

82
Q

Looking at ______ cells under the microscope to diagnose abnormal cells is called?

A 
cervical
Pap smear (Papanicolau)
83
Q

To dilate the cervix and scrape out the uterus is:

A

D&C

dilatation and curettage

84
Q

Surgically cutting the fallopian tubes to prevent the passage of ova or sperm:

A

tubal ligation

85
Q

Palpating the internal genitalia with two hands, one hand on the abdomen and one-two fingers in vagina:

A

bimanual examination

86
Q

Why is a bimanual examination performed?

A

detect cysts
determine size of uterus
look for any abnormalities

87
Q

LEEP:

A

loop electrosurgical excision procedure

88
Q

What does a LEEP do?

A

removes abnormal cells from cervix with a wire loop with an electrical current

89
Q

X-ray of the breasts to look for abnormalities:

A

mammogram

90
Q

How many views are there for a mammogram?

A

2
MLO - mediolateral oblique (side to side)
CC - craniocaudal (top to bottom)

91
Q

AB

A

abortion (miscarriage)

92
Q

D&C

A

dilatation and curettage

93
Q

GYN

A

gynecology

94
Q

OB

A

obstetrics

95
Q

IUD

A

intrauterine device

96
Q

LMP

A

last menstrual period

97
Q

PMS

A

premenstrual syndrome

98
Q

TAH, BSO

A

total abdominal hysterectomy

bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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