Ch 5 - Variations in Consciousness Flashcards
Insomnia
difficulty falling or staying asleep
Narcolepsy
excessive daytime sleepiness and falling asleep uncontrollably
Sleep Apnea
abnormal breathing during sleep
Somnambulism
Sleepwalking
- Occurs in the first 2 hours of sleep
- Risk factors - genetics and age (more common for children)
Kleine-Levin Syndrom (Sleeping Beauty)
Reoccurring episodes of extreme sleepiness
Sleep terrors
self explanatory
Sleep talking
pretty self explanatory there, buddy…haha
Dreams
mental experiences during sleep
Why do we dream? (2 main theories)
- Helps to make sense of learning and daily experiences
- Represents taboo (socially unacceptable) wishes or desires
What are the 5 most common themes in dreams?
1) Being chased
2) Sex
3) Falling
4) School
5) Arriving late
T or F? Dreams can be affected by external stimuli
True
What emotions are common in nightmares/bad dreams?
1) Fear
2) Confusion
3) Disgust
4) Sadness
5) Guilt
Activates the reward system of the brain
Drugs
Most serious consequence of prolonged drug use
It changes the brain
T or F? Our bodies communication system comprised of neurons is disrupted by the chemicals in drugs.
True
What scan can show areas of the brain that are active and examine organs to see how well they are functioning via radiation?
PET scan
PET stands for
Positron Emission Tomography
Consciousness =
awareness of internal and external stimuli
- external events - internal sensations - the self - thoughts about experience
EEG / Electroencephalograph =
measure brain electrical activity (variations of consciousness)
Circadian rhythm =
24 hour biological cycle regulates sleep and other functions
T or F?
You are more alert and your body temperature rises when you are asleep.
False: You are less alert and your body temperature drops when you are asleep
T or F?
Traveling west is generally easier than traveling east for our biological clock to readjust.
True
How many stages of sleep are there?
4
What are the stages of sleep?
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
REM
Describe Stage 1 Sleep
(“falling asleep”, 10-12 minutes) Theta Waves Prominent
Describe Stage 2 Sleep
(light sleep) Sleep Spindles and Mixed EEG Activity (majority of sleep happens)
Describe Stage 3 Sleep
Stage 3 Sleep (slow-wave sleep) Progressively More Delta Waves (typically dreamless)
REM
(Rapid Eye Movement) Dreams occur most during REM sleep
What is a commonality between being awake and REM sleep?
They both have Low-voltage, High Frequency Beta Waves
Who has lots of sleep & more REM?
Infants
Who has less sleep & less slow-wave sleep?
Older adults
How long to reach complete sleep deprivation?
3 or 4 days max
What are consequences of Partial sleep deprivation or restriction?
Impaired attention, reaction time, coordination, and decision making
What occurs during Selective sleep deprivation?
The Rebound effect
What is the Rebound effect?
return to REM and slow-wave sleep quicker
