Ch 5 - Variations in Consciousness

Question 1

Insomnia

Answer 1

difficulty falling or staying asleep

Question 2

Narcolepsy

Answer 2

excessive daytime sleepiness and falling asleep uncontrollably

Question 3

Sleep Apnea

Answer 3

abnormal breathing during sleep

Question 4

Somnambulism

Answer 4

Sleepwalking

• Occurs in the first 2 hours of sleep
• Risk factors - genetics and age (more common for children)

Question 5

Kleine-Levin Syndrom (Sleeping Beauty)

Answer 5

Reoccurring episodes of extreme sleepiness

Question 6

Sleep terrors

Answer 6

self explanatory

Question 7

Sleep talking

Answer 7

pretty self explanatory there, buddy…haha

Question 8

Dreams

Answer 8

mental experiences during sleep

Question 9

Why do we dream? (2 main theories)

Answer 9

• Helps to make sense of learning and daily experiences

- Represents taboo (socially unacceptable) wishes or desires

Question 10

What are the 5 most common themes in dreams?

Answer 10

1) Being chased
2) Sex
3) Falling
4) School
5) Arriving late

Question 11

T or F? Dreams can be affected by external stimuli

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What emotions are common in nightmares/bad dreams?

Answer 12

1) Fear
2) Confusion
3) Disgust
4) Sadness
5) Guilt

Question 13

Activates the reward system of the brain

Answer 13

Drugs

Question 14

Most serious consequence of prolonged drug use

Answer 14

It changes the brain

Question 15

T or F? Our bodies communication system comprised of neurons is disrupted by the chemicals in drugs.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

What scan can show areas of the brain that are active and examine organs to see how well they are functioning via radiation?

Answer 16

PET scan

Question 17

PET stands for

Answer 17

Positron Emission Tomography

Question 18

Consciousness =

Answer 18

awareness of internal and external stimuli

- external events
- internal sensations
- the self
- thoughts about experience

Question 19

EEG / Electroencephalograph =

Answer 19

measure brain electrical activity (variations of consciousness)

Question 20

Circadian rhythm =

Answer 20

24 hour biological cycle regulates sleep and other functions

Question 21

T or F?

You are more alert and your body temperature rises when you are asleep.

Answer 21

False: You are less alert and your body temperature drops when you are asleep

Question 22

T or F?

Traveling west is generally easier than traveling east for our biological clock to readjust.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

How many stages of sleep are there?

Answer 23

4

Question 24

What are the stages of sleep?

Answer 24

Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
REM

Question 25

Describe Stage 1 Sleep

Answer 25

(“falling asleep”, 10-12 minutes) Theta Waves Prominent

Question 26

Describe Stage 2 Sleep

Answer 26

(light sleep) Sleep Spindles and Mixed EEG Activity (majority of sleep happens)

Question 27

Describe Stage 3 Sleep

Answer 27

Stage 3 Sleep (slow-wave sleep) Progressively More Delta Waves (typically dreamless)

Question 28

REM

Answer 28

(Rapid Eye Movement) Dreams occur most during REM sleep

Question 29

What is a commonality between being awake and REM sleep?

Answer 29

They both have Low-voltage, High Frequency Beta Waves

Question 30

Who has lots of sleep & more REM?

Answer 30

Infants

Question 31

Who has less sleep & less slow-wave sleep?

Answer 31

Older adults

Question 32

How long to reach complete sleep deprivation?

Answer 32

3 or 4 days max

Question 33

What are consequences of Partial sleep deprivation or restriction?

Answer 33

Impaired attention, reaction time, coordination, and decision making

Question 34

What occurs during Selective sleep deprivation?

Answer 34

The Rebound effect

Question 35

What is the Rebound effect?

Answer 35

return to REM and slow-wave sleep quicker