15 - Treatment of Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Misconceptions About Therapy
- People see “shrinks” when they have a mental illness
- All therapists are psychiatrists
- Therapists use dream analysis
- Therapists use “talk therapy”
- Therapy will uncover a single, dramatic event
How many people therapy?
For what types of problems?
13-15% of U.S. population in a given year
full range of human problems
Main reasons why some people do not seek therapy
stigma (biggest reason), costs, lack of health insurance
Psychotherapy uses ________
diverse treatment approaches
3 main approaches of psycho therapy
1) Insight Therapies
Talk therapy
2) Behavior therapies (most effective)
Changing overt behavior
3) Biomedical therapies
Drugs or ECTInsight Therapies Goal
Freud and followers
Discover unresolved unconscious conflicts
- free association
- dream analysis
2 issues that can occur during insight therapy
Resistance
Transference
Resistance
unconscious behaviors to hinder therapy
Transference
redirecting feelings from one person to another
Goal of Person Centered Therapy (Humanistic)
Carl Rogers
Restructure self-concept to better correspond to reality
Person Centered Therapy therapeutic climate should include:
- Genuineness
- Unconditional positive regard
- Empathy
T or F?
Person Centered Therapy, Clarification is key task for therapist
True
Evaluation of Psychoanalysis
- Decrease in number of therapists using this approach
- Lack of empirical data for effectiveness
Evaluation of Person-centered therapy
- Mixed findings about effectiveness
Goal of Behavior Therapies
B.F. Skinner and colleagues
Unlearning maladaptive behavior and learning adaptive ones
Systematic desensitization
Best for people with phobias
1) Build anxiety hierarchy
2) Practice muscle relaxation
3) Work through anxiety hierarchy
Aversion Therapy
Pairing aversive stimulus with a stimulus to elicit an unpleasant response
What are 3 techniques used for Social Skills Training?
1) Modeling = observe others
2) Behavioral rehearsal = practice with role-playing
3) Shaping = gradually handling social situations
Goal of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Aaron Beck’s cognitive therapy
Change the way clients think
CBT process to change the way clients think
- Identify negative thoughts
- Test and be aware of negative thoughts
- Replace negative thoughts
- Use of behavioral techniques
Evaluating Behavior Therapies
- More research on effectiveness than insight therapies
- CBT has the most empirical data for effectiveness, making it the first-line treatment
Biomedical Therapies are ______
physiological interventions
Biomedical Therapy Treatment with drugs
1) Antianxiety - reduces tension and nervousness
2) Antipsychotic - reduces psychotic symptoms
3) Antidepressant - elevates mood (SSRI’s)
4) Mood stabilizers - controls mood swings
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
- Electric current is applied
- 5 - 20 second seizure
- 6 - 20 treatments in a hospital
