15 - Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Misconceptions About Therapy

Answer 1

• People see “shrinks” when they have a mental illness
• All therapists are psychiatrists
• Therapists use dream analysis
• Therapists use “talk therapy”
• Therapy will uncover a single, dramatic event

Question 2

How many people therapy?

For what types of problems?

Answer 2

13-15% of U.S. population in a given year

full range of human problems

Question 3

Main reasons why some people do not seek therapy

Answer 3

stigma (biggest reason), costs, lack of health insurance

Question 4

Psychotherapy uses ________

Answer 4

diverse treatment approaches

Question 5

3 main approaches of psycho therapy

Answer 5

1) Insight Therapies 
       Talk therapy
2) Behavior therapies (most effective)
        Changing overt behavior
3) Biomedical therapies
        Drugs or ECT

Question 6

Insight Therapies Goal

Freud and followers

Answer 6

Discover unresolved unconscious conflicts

• free association
• dream analysis

Question 7

2 issues that can occur during insight therapy

Answer 7

Resistance

Transference

Question 8

Resistance

Answer 8

unconscious behaviors to hinder therapy

Question 9

Transference

Answer 9

redirecting feelings from one person to another

Question 10

Goal of Person Centered Therapy (Humanistic)

Carl Rogers

Answer 10

Restructure self-concept to better correspond to reality

Question 11

Person Centered Therapy therapeutic climate should include:

Answer 11

• Genuineness
• Unconditional positive regard
• Empathy

Question 12

T or F?

Person Centered Therapy, Clarification is key task for therapist

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Evaluation of Psychoanalysis

Answer 13

• Decrease in number of therapists using this approach

- Lack of empirical data for effectiveness

Question 14

Evaluation of Person-centered therapy

Answer 14

• Mixed findings about effectiveness

Question 15

Goal of Behavior Therapies

B.F. Skinner and colleagues

Answer 15

Unlearning maladaptive behavior and learning adaptive ones

Question 16

Systematic desensitization

Answer 16

Best for people with phobias

1) Build anxiety hierarchy
2) Practice muscle relaxation
3) Work through anxiety hierarchy

Question 17

Aversion Therapy

Answer 17

Pairing aversive stimulus with a stimulus to elicit an unpleasant response

Question 18

What are 3 techniques used for Social Skills Training?

Answer 18

1) Modeling = observe others
2) Behavioral rehearsal = practice with role-playing
3) Shaping = gradually handling social situations

Question 19

Goal of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Aaron Beck’s cognitive therapy

Answer 19

Change the way clients think

Question 20

CBT process to change the way clients think

Answer 20

• Identify negative thoughts
• Test and be aware of negative thoughts
• Replace negative thoughts
• Use of behavioral techniques

Question 21

Evaluating Behavior Therapies

Answer 21

• More research on effectiveness than insight therapies

- CBT has the most empirical data for effectiveness, making it the first-line treatment

Question 22

Biomedical Therapies are ______

Answer 22

physiological interventions

Question 23

Biomedical Therapy Treatment with drugs

Answer 23

1) Antianxiety - reduces tension and nervousness
2) Antipsychotic - reduces psychotic symptoms
3) Antidepressant - elevates mood (SSRI’s)
4) Mood stabilizers - controls mood swings

Question 24

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Answer 24

• Electric current is applied
• 5 - 20 second seizure
• 6 - 20 treatments in a hospital

Question 25

Evaluating Biomedical Therapies (Drugs)

Answer 25

• Often helps otherwise resistant problems
• Controversies:
  - Provides relief only from symptoms
  - Over prescribed
  - Side effects
  - Influence of pharmaceutical industry

Question 26

Evaluating Biomedical Therapies (ECT)

Answer 26

Helpful for major depression and severe mood disorders