Ch. 1 - Evolution of Psychology

Question 1

Definition of Psychology

Answer 1

The study of the mind and behavior

Question 2

Modern Psychology DOB

Answer 2

1879 - Wundt establishes 1st psychology labs

Question 3

Mary Whiton Calkins

Answer 3

1st woman president of APA

Question 4

Margaret Floy Washburn

Answer 4

1st woman to earn Ph.D. 2nd woman president of APA

Question 5

Leta Stetter Hollingworth

Answer 5

1st to use term “gifted” w/ children.

debunked theory that women have decreased performance during menstrual cycle

Question 6

Structuralism

Answer 6

Focused on structures of the mind and elements of consciousness (sensation and perception)

Introspeciton - systematic self-observation of one’s conscious experience

Question 7

Functionalism

Answer 7

Focused on function or purpose of consciousness

Question 8

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Answer 8

Focus on the unconscious

Question 9

G. Stanley Hall

Answer 9

• exposed scholars in US to Freud’s psychoanalytic theory.

- mentor for 1st African American Ph.D Psych student

Question 10

Why did Psych came to age as a profession

Answer 10

Due to need
PTSD WW2
Clinical psych receives institutional support

Question 11

Behavioral Perspective

Answer 11

emphasized the Environment (Nurture)

Question 12

Cognitive Perspective

Answer 12

study of thoughts and mental processes

Question 13

Theoretical Perspectives

Answer 13

Focus on physiological bases of behavior

Question 14

Evolutionary Perspective

Answer 14

Natural selection occurs for behavioral, as well as physical characteristics

Question 15

Positive Psychology

Answer 15

Focus on the positive, creative, and fulfilling aspects of human existence

Question 16

Reasons to study psychology

Answer 16

1) Powerful way of thinking
2) Helps understand the complexity of behavior
3) It’s practical

Question 17

Structuralism Psychologist (notable)

Answer 17

Edward Tichener

Question 18

Functionalism Psychologist (notable)

Answer 18

William James

Question 19

Psychoanalytic Psychologists (notable)

Answer 19

Freud (founder) /Jung/ Adler

Question 20

Behavioral Psychologists (notable)

Answer 20

John B. Watson / Ivan Pavlov / B.F. Skinner

Question 21

Pavlov

Answer 21

Classical conditioning

Question 22

B.F. Skinner found that…

Answer 22

Responses that lead to positive outcomes are repeated

Responses that lead negative outcomes are not repeated

Question 23

Humanistic Perspective Psychologists (notable)

Answer 23

Carl Rogers / Abraham Maslow

Question 24

Founding father of humanism. Focus on the patient or client

Answer 24

Carl Rogers

Question 25

Creator of Hierarchy of needs

Answer 25

Maslow

Question 26

What are the hierarchy of needs in order?

Answer 26

Physiological/Safety/Social/Esteem/Self actualization