10 - Human Development Across the Lifespan

Question 1

Prenatal Period

Answer 1

Conception to birth (9 months)

Question 2

conception to 2 weeks

rapid cell division
conception, implantation, and formation of placenta occurs

Answer 2

Germinal Stage

Question 3

allows oxygen, nutrients and waste to pass

Answer 3

placenta

Question 4

What is the period and function of the Embryonic Stage?

Answer 4

2 weeks to 2 months

Formation of Vital Organs and systems

(miscarriages and birth defects can happen here)

Question 5

Fetal Stage

Answer 5

2 months to birth

Question 6

Age of viability

Answer 6

between 22-26 weeks when baby can survive if born prematurely

Question 7

between 22-26

5.5 - 6.5 mnths

Answer 7

weeks when baby can survive if born prematurelyAge of viability

Question 8

T or F?

Maternal malnutrition is linked to increased risk of birth complications, neurological problems, and psychopathology.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Fetal alcohol syndrome affects how many us children?

Answer 9

Affects 3 of 1,000 children

Question 10

Associated with Fetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 10

Microcephaly (children with much smaller heads)

Question 11

Low birth weight

Answer 11

weigh less than 5.5 lbs

majority of low birth weight babies are born preterm (more than 3 weeks before due date)

short and long term consequences

Question 12

Low birth weight replaces term _____

Answer 12

premature

Question 13

short term consequences of low birth weight

Answer 13

breathing

Question 14

long term consequences of low birth weight

Answer 14

impact language and learning

Question 15

Motor Development

Answer 15

muscular coordination (learning to sit up, crawl, reach for objects

Question 16

2 basic principles of motor development

Answer 16

Cephalocaudal trend (head to foot)

Proximodistal trend (center-outward) torso control before extremities

Question 17

Physical changes due to age is called ________.

Answer 17

Maturation

Question 18

Occurs around 18 months; increased growth in vocabulary

Answer 18

Fast mapping

Question 19

During fast mapping how fast do children map a word?

Answer 19

after a single exposure

Question 20

close emotional bonds between infants and their caregivers

Answer 20

attachment

Question 21

Who’s theory is that attachment has a biological basis that promotes survival for children?

Answer 21

John Bowlby

Question 22

The ______ was used to assess the quality of attachment

Answer 22

Strange Situation

Question 23

Strange situation involved

Answer 23

Short Separation

Reunion

Question 24

Majority of children have a ________ attachment.

Answer 24

secure

Question 25

Majority of children have a ________ attachment.

Answer 25

secure

Question 26

Who's theory that attachment is based on contact comfort?

Answer 26

Harry Harlow

Question 27

T or F? Attachment patterns definitively determine later outcomes.

Answer 27

False There are other relationshis and experiences that people have

Question 28

T or F? Correlational speaking: Secure adult individuals have more high functioning relationships

Answer 28

True

Question 29

T or F? Correlational speaking: Insecure adult individuals experience break ups more than secure individuals

Answer 29

True

Question 30

Who says there are 8 stages spanning the lifespan?

Answer 30

Erick Erickson (1963)

Question 31

determining balance between opposing polarities in personality

Answer 31

Psychosocial crises

Question 32

2 important aspects of Erikson's stage theory

Answer 32

Each stage builds on a previous stage Psychosocial crises occurs during each stage

Question 33

Who had 4 stages and major milestones?

Answer 33

Jean Piaget (1920-80s)

Question 34

Piaget's 4 stages of cognitive development

Answer 34

1) Sensorimotor (birth - 2 yrs) object permanence 2) Preoperational (2-7 yrs) symbolic thought 3) Concrete operational (7-11) mastery of conservation 4) Formal (11-adulthood) Mental operations applied to abstract ideas (logical systematic thinking)

Question 35

Object permanence

Answer 35

Objects exist even if it is not visible

Question 36

physical quantities remain the same regardless of changes in shape or appearance

Answer 36

conservation

Question 37

The ________ is the last area of the brain to mature.

Answer 37

Prefrontal Cortex

Question 38

T or F? | Size of the brain does not increase significantly after 5 years old

Answer 38

True

Question 39

Prefrontal Cortex is referred to as the ________.

Answer 39

Executive Control Center

Question 40

Erikson Stage 5 (Adolescence)

Answer 40

Identity Vs Confusion | Who am I and where am I going?

Question 41

New life stage between adolescence and adulthood.

Answer 41

Emerging Adulthood

Question 42

- Age of identity explorations - Age of instability - Self-focused time of life - Age of feeling in-between - Age of possibilities These are all features of ________.

Answer 42

emerging adulthood (18-25)

Question 43

Erickson Adulthood Stage 1 (Early Adulthood)

Answer 43

Intimacy Vs. Isolation

Question 44

Erickson Adulthood Stage 2 (Middle Adulthood)

Answer 44

Generativity Vs Self-absorption Will I produce something of real value?

Question 45

Erickson Adulthood Stage 3 (Late Adulthood)

Answer 45

Integrity Vs Despair Have I lived a full life?

Question 46

T or F? | Median age at first marriage is increasing over time.

Answer 46

True