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Psych 112 > 10 - Human Development Across the Lifespan > Flashcards

10 - Human Development Across the Lifespan Flashcards

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1
Q

Prenatal Period

A

Conception to birth (9 months)

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2
Q

conception to 2 weeks

rapid cell division
conception, implantation, and formation of placenta occurs

A

Germinal Stage

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3
Q

allows oxygen, nutrients and waste to pass

A

placenta

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4
Q

What is the period and function of the Embryonic Stage?

A

2 weeks to 2 months

Formation of Vital Organs and systems

(miscarriages and birth defects can happen here)

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5
Q

Fetal Stage

A

2 months to birth

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6
Q

Age of viability

A

between 22-26 weeks when baby can survive if born prematurely

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7
Q

between 22-26

5.5 - 6.5 mnths

A

weeks when baby can survive if born prematurelyAge of viability

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8
Q

T or F?

Maternal malnutrition is linked to increased risk of birth complications, neurological problems, and psychopathology.

A

True

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9
Q

Fetal alcohol syndrome affects how many us children?

A

Affects 3 of 1,000 children

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10
Q

Associated with Fetal alcohol syndrome

A

Microcephaly (children with much smaller heads)

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11
Q

Low birth weight

A

weigh less than 5.5 lbs

majority of low birth weight babies are born preterm (more than 3 weeks before due date)

short and long term consequences

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12
Q

Low birth weight replaces term _____

A

premature

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13
Q

short term consequences of low birth weight

A

breathing

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14
Q

long term consequences of low birth weight

A

impact language and learning

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15
Q

Motor Development

A

muscular coordination (learning to sit up, crawl, reach for objects

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16
Q

2 basic principles of motor development

A

Cephalocaudal trend (head to foot)

Proximodistal trend (center-outward) torso control before extremities

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17
Q

Physical changes due to age is called ________.

A

Maturation

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18
Q

Occurs around 18 months; increased growth in vocabulary

A

Fast mapping

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19
Q

During fast mapping how fast do children map a word?

A

after a single exposure

20
Q

close emotional bonds between infants and their caregivers

A

attachment

21
Q

Who’s theory is that attachment has a biological basis that promotes survival for children?

A

John Bowlby

22
Q

The ______ was used to assess the quality of attachment

A

Strange Situation

23
Q

Strange situation involved

A

Short Separation

Reunion

24
Q

Majority of children have a ________ attachment.

A

secure

25
Q

Majority of children have a ________ attachment.

A

secure

26
Q

Who’s theory that attachment is based on contact comfort?

A

Harry Harlow

27
Q

T or F?

Attachment patterns definitively determine later outcomes.

A

False

There are other relationshis and experiences that people have

28
Q

T or F?

Correlational speaking: Secure adult individuals have more high functioning relationships

A

True

29
Q

T or F?

Correlational speaking: Insecure adult individuals experience break ups more than secure individuals

A

True

30
Q

Who says there are 8 stages spanning the lifespan?

A

Erick Erickson (1963)

31
Q

determining balance between opposing polarities in personality

A

Psychosocial crises

32
Q

2 important aspects of Erikson’s stage theory

A

Each stage builds on a previous stage

Psychosocial crises occurs during each stage

33
Q

Who had 4 stages and major milestones?

A

Jean Piaget (1920-80s)

34
Q

Piaget’s 4 stages of cognitive development

A

1) Sensorimotor (birth - 2 yrs) object permanence
2) Preoperational (2-7 yrs) symbolic thought
3) Concrete operational (7-11) mastery of conservation
4) Formal (11-adulthood) Mental operations applied to abstract ideas (logical systematic thinking)

35
Q

Object permanence

A

Objects exist even if it is not visible

36
Q

physical quantities remain the same regardless of changes in shape or appearance

A

conservation

37
Q

The ________ is the last area of the brain to mature.

A

Prefrontal Cortex

38
Q

T or F?

Size of the brain does not increase significantly after 5 years old

A

True

39
Q

Prefrontal Cortex is referred to as the ________.

A

Executive Control Center

40
Q

Erikson Stage 5 (Adolescence)

A

Identity Vs Confusion

Who am I and where am I going?

41
Q

New life stage between adolescence and adulthood.

A

Emerging Adulthood

42
Q
  • Age of identity explorations
  • Age of instability
  • Self-focused time of life
  • Age of feeling in-between
  • Age of possibilities

These are all features of ________.

A

emerging adulthood (18-25)

43
Q

Erickson Adulthood Stage 1 (Early Adulthood)

A

Intimacy Vs. Isolation

44
Q

Erickson Adulthood Stage 2 (Middle Adulthood)

A

Generativity Vs Self-absorption

Will I produce something of real value?

45
Q

Erickson Adulthood Stage 3 (Late Adulthood)

A

Integrity Vs Despair

Have I lived a full life?

46
Q

T or F?

Median age at first marriage is increasing over time.

A

True

Psych 112 (15 decks)

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