Ch 3- The Biological Bases of Behavior

Question 1

2 types of cells in the nervous system

Answer 1

Neurons & Glia

Question 2

Neurons

Answer 2

cells that receive, integrate, and transmit information

Question 3

Soma

Answer 3

The Soma (cell body) contains the cell nucleus

Question 4

Dendrites

Answer 4

individual branches of the neuron that receives information

Question 5

Axon

Answer 5

Long, thin fiber that transmits information

Question 6

Myelin Sheath

Answer 6

white fatty substance that insulates the axon and speeds the transmission of signals

Question 7

Terminal Buttons

Answer 7

secrete neurotransmitters (chemicals) into the synapse

Question 8

Synapse

Answer 8

a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter

Question 9

Glia Cells

Answer 9

support the neurons by supplying nutrients and removing waste

Question 10

Describe a neuron at rest

Answer 10

The neuron at rest contains more negative ions on the inside than the outside

Question 11

Describe action potential

Answer 11

The action potential refers to the change in electrical charge in the axon

Question 12

All or None Law

Answer 12

Neurons either have action potential or are at rest. the strength of the action potential is not accounted for

Question 13

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Answer 13

The PNS is all the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord

Question 14

Somatic

Answer 14

Somatic = Voluntary (all nerves that are connected to skeleton and muscles)

Question 15

Autonomic

Answer 15

Autonomic = Involuntary (digestions, blood vessels, heart)

Question 16

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 16

mobilizes resources/energy ; fight or flight response

Question 17

Para- sympathetic nervous system

Answer 17

conserve resources/energy (slow down heart rate, lower blood pressure)

Question 18

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Answer 18

The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord

Question 19

How many hemispheres does the Cerebrum/Cerebral Cortex have?

Answer 19

Two

Question 20

Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is responsible for verbal processing? language, speech, reading, writing

Answer 20

Left

Question 21

Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is responsible for nonverbal processing = spatial, musical, visual recognition

Answer 21

Right

Question 22

Corpus Callosum

Answer 22

thick band of fibers that transmit info b/w hemispheres of the cerebral cortex

Question 23

How many lobes does the cerebrum have?

Answer 23

4

Question 24

Parietal lobe

Answer 24

sense of touch

Question 25

Occipital lobe

Answer 25

visual processing

Question 26

Temporal lobe

Answer 26

auditory processing

Question 27

Frontal lobe

Answer 27

primary motor cortex and executive control system

Question 28

Area responsible for the Production of Speech

Answer 28

Broca’s Area

Question 29

Area responsible for Comprehension of Language

Answer 29

Wernicke’s Area

Question 30

Family studies

Answer 30

examine blood relatives

Question 31

Twin studies

Answer 31

compare resemblance of identical and fraternal twins on a trait