ch. 33 triploblastic acoelomates Flashcards

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1
Q

phylum of triploblastic acoelomates

A
  • phylum platyhelminthes
  • phylum nemertea
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2
Q

classes of phylum platyhelminthes

A
  • class turbellaria
  • class monogenea
  • class trematoda
  • class cestoda
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3
Q

phylum platyhelminthes characteristics

A
  • acoelomates
  • flatworms
  • lack specialized respiratory/circulatory system
  • respire by diffusion
  • bilaterally symmetrical w/ head
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4
Q

platy

A

flat

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5
Q

helminth

A

parasitic worm

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6
Q

digestive system of phylum platyhelminthes

A

incomplete - one opening for mouth/anus

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7
Q

excretory system for phylum platyhelminthes

A

distinct with protonephridia and flame cells

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8
Q

eyes in phylum platyhelminthes

A

light sensitive eyespots (ocelli)

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9
Q

nervous system in phylum platyhelminthes

A
  • cerebral ganglia receive input
  • more centralized nervous system
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10
Q

reproduction in phylum platyhelminthes

A

sexual or asexual
- most hermaphroditic but don’t self-fertilize

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11
Q

class turbellaria

A
  • planarians
  • live in fresh water and prey on smaller animals
  • ocelli and centralized nerve nets
  • hermaphrodites - sexual reproduction or fission
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12
Q

class trematoda

A
  • parasitize wide range of hosts
  • those that parasitize humans spend part of lives in snails
  • produce surface proteins that mimic host
  • release molecules that manipulate host’s immune system
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13
Q

class cestoda

A
  • tapeworms or parasitic worms
  • head = scolex w/ several suckers
  • suckers attach to intestine walls of host and absorb food as it is digested
  • doesn’t kill host but causes weight loss
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14
Q

length of human tapeworms

A

18 meters

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15
Q

what is the body of a tapeworm divided into?

A

sections called proglottids

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16
Q

proglottids of tapeworms in class Cestoda

A
  • contain male and female reproductive organs
  • sperm fertilizes egg in proglottids
  • fertilized eggs related when mature proglottids break off and burst open
17
Q

how many eggs can a proglottid contain?

A

100,000

18
Q

what happens when cows, pigs, of fish consume food or water contaminated with tapeworm eggs

A
  • eggs enter intermediate host and hatch into larva
  • larva burrow into muscle of host and form protective dormant cysts
  • human eats raw/uncooked meat, and larvae become active within human host
19
Q

phylum nemertea characteristics

A
  • mostly marine, few fresh water
  • some active swimmers, others burrow in sand
  • simple circulatory system (not heart)
  • complete digestive tract
20
Q

size of organisms in phylum nemertea

A

less than 1 mm to more than 30 mm

21
Q

ex. of organism from phylum nemertea

A

proboscis worms