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Biology II > ch. 29 > Flashcards

ch. 29 Flashcards

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1
Q

alternation of generations

A

alternating between 2 multicellular generations

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2
Q

gametophyte

A
  • haploid
  • produces gametes by mitosis
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3
Q

sporophyte

A
  • diploid resulting from fusion of sperm/egg
  • produces haploid spores by meiosis
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4
Q

spore give rise to…

A

gametophyte

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5
Q

alteration of generation cycle

A

sporophyte - (meiosis) - spores - (mitosis) - gametophyte - (mitosis) - gametes - (fusion) - zygote - (mitosis) - sporophyte

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6
Q

haploos

A

simple/single

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7
Q

mitus

A

warp thread

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8
Q

diplous

A

diploid

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9
Q

stoma

A

mouth

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10
Q

phyte

A

plant

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11
Q

gamet

A

gametes

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12
Q

sperm

A

seed

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13
Q

bryo

A

moss

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14
Q

lyco

A

wolf

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15
Q

gymn

A

naked

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16
Q

rrhizae

A

root

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17
Q

angio

A

receptacle

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18
Q

hept

A

liver

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19
Q

phyll

A

leaf

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20
Q

cero

A

waxy

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21
Q

antho

A

flower

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22
Q

myco

A

fungus

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23
Q

merizein

A

to divide

24
Q

are ferns sporophyte or gametophyte dominant

A

sporophyte - seedless vascular
- fern = sporophyte
- gametophyte underground

25
Q

meristematic tissues

A

repeated cell division which sustains growth

26
Q

2 types of meristematic tissues

A

shoot apical
root apical

27
Q

cuticle

A

waxy covering of epidermis
- keeps water from evaporating

28
Q

stomata

A

specialized cells that allow for gas exchange between air/plant
- surrounded by guard cells

29
Q

mycorrhizae

A

fungus/plant (root) interactions
- bacteria and fungi needed for nutrients

30
Q

2 types of mesophyll

A

palisade and spongy parenchyma

31
Q

xylem

A

transports water up tree

32
Q

phloem

A

bidirectional, photosynthetic products transported where needed

33
Q

nonvascular (bryophytes) phylums

A
  • hepatophyta - liverwort
  • bryophyta - mosses
  • anthocerophyta - hornworts
34
Q

monile

A

necklace

35
Q

conifer

A

cone bearing

36
Q

Magnolia

A

French botanist

37
Q

vascular seedless phylum

A
  • lycopodiophyta - lycophytes (club mosses, spike mosses, quillworts)
  • monilophyta - ferns, horsetails, whisk ferns
38
Q

seed vascular phylum

A
  • coniferophyta - gymnosperms
  • magnioliophyta - angiosperms
39
Q

dominant generation in nonvascular plants

A

gametophyte

40
Q

vascular tissue

A

cells joined into tubes for transport of water and nutrients

41
Q

clades

A

groupings of common structure from common ancestor
- from vascular plants

42
Q

grade

A

grouped together by key features, no common ancestry

43
Q

seed

A

embryo and nutrients surrounded by protective coat
- seed plants form clade that can be further divided into more clades

44
Q

gymnosperms

A

seeds no enclosed in chambers

45
Q

angiosperms

A

seeds develop inside chambers that originate within flowers

46
Q

fruit =

A

ovary (receptacle)

47
Q

endosperm

A
  • food for developing embryo
  • triploid
  • created by double fertilization
48
Q

cotyledon

A

“seed-leaf”

49
Q

dominant generation in vascular plants

A

sporophyte

50
Q

vascular plant characteristics

A
  • sporophyte dom gen
  • well-developed roots/leaves
  • xylem and phloem
  • sporangium
51
Q

sporangium

A

vessel-containing spores
- produces spores

52
Q

xylem

A
  • conducts most of water and minerals
  • includes tube-shaped cells called tracheids
  • water-conducting cells strengthened by lignin and provide
53
Q

phloem

A
  • cells arranged in tubes that distribute sugars, amino acids, and organic products
54
Q

what allows for increased height

A

vascular tissues

55
Q

roots

A

organs that anchor vascular plants
- enable absorption of water, nutrients, and oxygen for soil

56
Q

leaves

A

organs that increase surface area of vascular plants to capture more solar energy for photosynthesis

Biology II (43 decks)

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