ch 3 objectives

Question 1

explain the process and purpose of urine formation

Answer 1

glomeruli filters plasma, proximal tubules reabsorb, distal tubules secrete

Question 2

anatomy and functions of the kidney and urinary tract

Answer 2

begins with kidney (produce urine) –> ureters (urine to bladder) –> bladder (stores urine) –> urethra (urine is expelled)

Question 3

process of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration

Answer 3

supply of blood to glomerulus by afferent arteriole, pressure filters the plasma as it passes through the filtration barrier (basement membrane)

Question 4

functions and regulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

Answer 4

regulates blood pressure
–> renin forms angiotensin and aldosterone in response to decreased blood volume
–> aldosterone stimulates kidney to retain sodium and water

Question 5

active vs passive transport in relation to renal concentration

Answer 5

active requires energy while passive does not
–> solutes are reabsorbed/secreted either passively or actively depending on location

Question 6

maximal reabsorptive capacity

Answer 6

maximum amount of solute that the kidney can reabsorb

Question 7

function of ADH in the concentration of urine

Answer 7

ADH increases the concentration of urine by signaling kidneys to reabsorb more water from filtrate

Question 8

role of aldosterone for sodium control

Answer 8

stimulates kidneys to reabsorb sodium to regulate blood pressure

Question 9

role of tubular secertion in maintaining acid-base balance

Answer 9

tubules secrete weak acids and bases while absorbing bicarbonate which acts as a buffer