ch 11 Flashcards
what is synovial fluid
located in friction areas between joints (think knee)
–> fluid fills joint cavity
formation of synovial fluid
ultrafiltration of plasma from synovial membrane
composition of synovial fluid
glucose and uric acid concentrations are equal to that of plasma
total protein and immunoglobulin concentration are 1/4-1/2 that of plasma
volume of synovial fluid
less than 3.5
–> depends on joint cavity size
normal synovial fluid (color, viscosity, WBC count, glucose concentration)
pale yellow
high
less than 200
equal to plasma
group 1 noninflammatory synovial fluid (color, viscosity, WBC count, glucose concentration)
yellow
high
less than 3000
equal to plasma
conditions associated with group 1
osteoarthritis, osteochondritis, traumatic arthritis
group II inflammatory synovial fluid (color, viscosity, WBC count, glucose concentration)
yellow-white
low
2000-100000
less than plasma level
associated conditions with group 2
gout, rheumatoid arthritis lupus
group II septic (color, viscosity, WBC count, glucose concentration)
yellow-green
low
10,000-100000
less than plasma
associated conditions with group 3
bacterial, fungal infection
group IV hemorrhagic (color, viscosity, WBC count, glucose concentration)
red-brown
decreased
less than 5000
equal to plasma
associated conditions with group 4
trauma blood disease (sickle cell)
how is synovial fluid removed
arthrocentesis (sterile needles to remove fluid from joint)
are there any circumstances when synovial specimens should be rejected
no
