ch 2 objectives

Question 1

identify organic and inorganic chemical constituents of urine

Answer 1

organic: urea, uric acid, creatinine

inorganic: sodium, chloride, potassium

Question 2

normal and abnormal daily urine volumes

Answer 2

normal: 800 mL
oliguria: less than 400 mL
polyuria: more than 3 L
anuria: none

Question 3

evaluate urine results and clinical symptoms of patients with diabetes melllitus vs diabetes insipidus

Answer 3

diabetes insipidus: either nephrogenic or neurogenic
–> increased urine output due to lack of ADH or response to it

diabetes mellitus: no production of insulin
–> increased glucose output

Question 4

correct methodology for labeling urine specimens

Answer 4

patients name, dob, time and date, and collectors initials

Question 5

possible reasons when a laboratory would reject a urine specimen

Answer 5

improper collection techniques or contamination

improper labeling

Question 6

changes that may take place in a urine specimen remaining at room temp

Answer 6

–> decreased clarity and increased odor
–> false negative glucose and ketone
–> increased nitrite and pH
–> bacterial growth

Question 7

compare different types of urine specimens

Answer 7

random specimen: random timed, collected in cup

clean-catch: mid stream specimen

24 hr specimen: 24 hr specimen kept in jar must be refridgerated

first void: first urine in the morning collected