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Ecology of Mammals > Ch. 20 - Cetacea > Flashcards

Ch. 20 - Cetacea Flashcards

1
Q

In cetaceans, periods of this can last 1 hour

A

Apnea

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2
Q

Cetaceans are insensitive to rises in levels of this gas

A

CO2

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3
Q

Cetaceans are insensitive to this process that leads to lactic acid buildup

A

Acidosis

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4
Q

Cetaceans have 2-9x more of this in their muscles compared to terrestrial mammals

A

Myoglobin

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5
Q

Cetaceans decrease this during dives

A

Heart rate

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6
Q

Cetaceans’ blood flow bypasses some of these during dives

A

Muscle masses

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7
Q

In cetaceans, these completely collapse in dives deeper than 100m

A

Lung alveoli

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8
Q

What percent per breath of oxygen do cetaceans use?

A

12%

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9
Q

What percent per breath of oxygen do terrestrial mammals use?

A

4%

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10
Q

In cetaceans, this respiratory system component is short but has a large diameter

A

Trachea

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11
Q

In cetaceans, these have 2x the red blood cells as in terrestrial mammals

A

Alveolar capillaries

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12
Q

What are the two suborders of whales?

A

Toothed and baleen

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13
Q

What two types of invertebrate make up the diets of most toothed whales?

A

Crustaceans and cephalopods

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14
Q

These are the only toothed whales to hunt warm-blooded vertebrate prey

A

Killer whales

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15
Q

What are two characteristics of toothed whale swimming style?

A

Shallow diving and fast swimming

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16
Q

Where is echolocation produced in toothed whales?

A

Nasally produced

17
Q

These whales have no dorsal fins or echolocation

A

Baleen whales

18
Q

Which are more social, baleen or toothed whales?

A

Toothed whales

19
Q

These are vertical keratin plates that filter food

A

Baleen

20
Q

What type of feeding strategy do baleen whales employ?

A

Skim-gulp feeding

21
Q

What percent of baleen whales’ body length is made up of the head and mouth?

A

40%

22
Q

Baleen whales have this adaptation to support their heads

A

Fused cervical vertebrae

23
Q

Which have longer rostrums, dolphins or porpoises?

A

Dolphins

24
Q

Which are more secretive, dolphins or porpoises?

A

Porpoises

25
Q

Which have more cervical mobility, dolphins or porpoises?

A

Dolphins

26
Q

Which cervical vertebrae are fused in porpoises?

A

First six

27
Q

How many cervical vertebrae are fused in dolphins?

A

1-2

Ecology of Mammals (21 decks)

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