Ch 18 The Senses Flashcards
What are the four functions of the senses?
- detect stimuli from internal and external environments
- help maintain homeostasis
- pleasure
- protection
Awareness of body position, posture, movement, etc.
proprioception
Mostly found in the skin that detects pain, touch, pressure, temperature, proprioception
general senses
Found in the head, encompasses taste (gustation), smell (olfaction), hearing, equilibrium (balance), vision
special senses
These senses respond to chemicals in saliva or air
taste and smell
What are the two main destinations of smell in the brain?
- olfactory cortex (frontal lobe)
2. hypothalamus, amygdala, other limbic regions
Smells are consciously interpreted/identified here
olfactory cortex (frontal lobe)
Smells where emotional responses to odors occur
hypothalamus, amygdala, other limbic regions
Smells that trigger sympathetic fight or flight response
danger/fear smells
Smells that trigger salivation
appetizing smells
Taste is transported by which 3 cranial nerves?
- facial nerve VII
- glossopharyngeal nerve IX
- vagus nerve X
Where is the main destination of taste in the brain?
thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system
Mouth also contains which 3 receptors?
- thermoreceptors
- mechanoreceptors
- nociceptors
-esthesia
sensation
-algesia
pain
-osmia
smell
-geusia
taste
The ear is responsible for which two major senses?
hearing and equilibrium
What are the three parts of the ear?
- outer ear
- middle ear
- inner ear
What makes up the outer ear?
pinna and external auditory canal or auricle and meatus
What two structures protect the outer ear?
- tiny hairs lining auditory canal
2. ceruminous glands
Modified sweat glands that produce earwax
ceruminous glands
What makes up the middle ear?
- tympanic membrane or eardrum
- three ossicles
- pharygotympanic tube or auditory tube
Transmits sound from the outer ear to the middle ear
tympanic membrane or eardrum
