Ch 15 Female Reproductive System Flashcards
T or F. Ova develop during fetal life.
True
Menstrual cycle is typically __ days.
28
T or F. The vagina is muscular.
True
What are 4 main female reproductive structures?
- Ovaries
- Uterine (Fallopian) Tubes
- Uterus
- Vagina
What are the 2 hormones secreted by the ovaries?
- Estrogen
2. Progesterone
What is the purpose of the uterus?
Fertilization of egg and nourishment of fetus
What are other female reproductive structures?
- vulva (external genitalia)
- perineum
- mammary glands (breasts)
episiotomy
incision of the perineum
gyn/o, gynec/o
woman
men/o, mens
month, menstruation
oo
ovum, egg cell
ov/o, ovul/o
ovum, egg cell
ovari/o
ovary
oophor/o
ovary
salping/o
oviduct, tube
uter/o
uterus
metr/o, metr/i
uterus
hyster/o
uterus
BSO
bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
cervic/o
cervix
vagin/o
vagina
colp/o
vagina
vulv/o
vulva
episi/o
vulva
perine/o
perineum
clitor/o, clitorid/o
clitoris
mamm/o
breast
mast/o
breast
amnio
amnion, amniotic sac
embry/o
embryo
fet/o
fetus
toc/o
labor
nat/i
birth
lact/o
milk
galact/o
milk
gravida
pregnant woman
para
woman who has given birth (500 g or more or over 20 weeks gestation) regardless of whether infant is alive at birth or whether the birth is single or multiple
bradytocia
condition of slow labor
The menstrual cycle has __ stages, usually lasting __ days.
3 stages, 28 days
How many days does the menstrual phase last?
5 days
What happens in the menstrual phase?
Endometrial lining is shed
How many days does the proliferative phase?
10 days
The ______ causes several ova (about 20) and their surrounding follicles to start developing; only one continues to develop
The follicle-stimulating hormone causes several ova (about 20) and their surrounding follicles to start developing; only one continues to develop
The follicle starts secreting estrogens which leads to the ____ of the endometrium
thickening
In the proliferative phase, the luteinizing hormone increases and induces ______.
ovulation
During the proliferative phase, the cervical mucus becomes ____ which allows sperm through.
thin
Ovulation occurs between the ____ and ____ phases.
proliferative and secretory phases
During the secretory phase, the ______ ruptures, the _____ is released and starts traveling to the uterus via _____.
mature follicle, ovum, fallopian tube
During the secretory phase, the luteinizing hormone causes the ruptured follicle to change into the _____.
corpus luteum
The corpus luteum secretes ____ and ____.
estrogen and progesterone
T or F. The corpus luteum is maintained only if fertilization occurs.
True.
DJB
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
Breast cancer metastasizes easily through the ____ system.
Lymph system
What are the 3 types of mastectomy?
radical, modified radical, segmental (lumpectomy)
Mastectomy during which the breast, muscles and axillary lymph nodes are removed.
Radical
Mastectomy during which the breast and axillary lymph nodes are removed.
Modified radical
Mastectomy during which just the tumor is removed
Segmental (lumpectomy)
What type of biopsy is done to access the spread of breast cancer>
sentinal node biopsy
Fertilization normally occurs in the _______.
fallopian tubes
A _____ is formed from an egg and sperm.
zygote
Where does the zygote implant?
endometrium
The zygote becomes an ___ and after two months becomes a _____.
embryo, fetus
Placenta is formed from the ___ and the ____.
chorion, endometrium
The outermost layer of the embryo
chorion
What is the purpose of the placenta?
nourishment of the fetus
The __ links the fetus to the placenta.
umbilical cord
T or F. Childbirth is also called parturition.
True.
What are the 3 stages of childbirth?
- onset of contractions and cervical dilation
- expulsion of fetus
- delivery of placenta
The simple assessment to determine the general health of a baby after childbirth.
Apgar scores
A woman who has been pregnant; Indicates the number of times a woman has been pregnant, regardless of whether these pregnancies were carried to term.
gravida
A woman who has given birth to one or more infants.
para
Para can be divided into what 4 sections?
term deliveries, preterm, abortions and living children (TPAL)
What are the five factors assessed for Apgar scores?
- appearance
- pulse
- grimace response
- activity
- respiration
T or F. Ovaries are held by ligaments in the pelvic cavity on either side of the uterus
T
The eggs, or female gametes, develop within the _____
ovaries
The cluster of cells within which ova ripen
graafian follicle
T or F. At the time of ovulation, all ova is released from the ovary.
False. At the time of ovulation, usually only one ovum is released from the ovary and the remainder of the ripening
ova degenerate.
The follicle remains behind and continues to function for ___ if there is no fertilization of the ovum and __ if the ovum is fertilized
2 weeks, 2 months
After ovulaton, the ovum travels into an ___
oviduct, also called the uterine or fallopian tube
One of the two tubes attached to the upper lateral portions of the uterus
oviduct
These tubes arch above the ovaries and have ___ that sweep the released ovum into the oviduct
fimbriae
Finger-like projections
fimbriae
Fertilization usually occurs in the _____
oviduct
The organ that nourishes the developing offspring
uterus
What makes up the uterus?
- upper rounded fundus
- triangular cavity
- lower narrow cervix that projects into the vagina
FUN TRI CAV CERV
What shape is the uterus?
pear-shaped
The innermost layer of
the uterine wall that receives the fertilized ovum and becomes part of the placenta during pregnancy
endometrium
T or F. The endometrium is rich in blood sipply
True
Shed during the menstrual period if no fertilization occurs
endometrium
The muscle layer of the uterine wall
myometrium
Muscular tube that receives the penis during intercourse, functions as a birth canal, and
transports the menstrual flow out of the body
vagina
All of the external female genital organs including the labia majora and labia minora
vulva
