Ch. 16: Skin Flashcards
crust
collection of dried serum and cellular debris
cyst
thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material
erosion
wearing away or loss of epidermis
fissure
groove or crack-like sore
macule
flat, pigmented lesion measuring less than 1 cm in diameter
nodule
solid, round or oval elevated lesion 1 cm or more in diameter
papule
small (less than 1 cm in diameter), solid elevation of the skin
pustule
papule containing pus
ulcer
open sore on the skin or mucous membranes (deeperr erosion)
vesicle
small collection of clear fluid (serum); blister
wheal
smooth, edematous (swollen) papule or plaque that is centrally redder than the surrounding skin
alopecia
absence of hair from areas where it normally grows
ecchymosis
bluish-purplish mark (bruise) on the skin
petechia
small, pinpoint hemorrhage
pruritus
itching
acne
chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increase production of serum
burns
injury to tissues caused by heat contact
cellulitis
diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling
eczema
(atopic dermatitis)
inflammatory skin disease with erythematous, papulovesicular, or papulosquamous lesions
exanthematous viral diseases
rash (exanthem) of the skin due to a viral infection
gangrene
death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply
impetigo
bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules and crusted-over lesions
psoriasis
chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaques covered by silvery gray scales
scabies
contagious, parasitic infection of the skin with intense pruritus
scleroderma
chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organs with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
chronic autoimmune inflammtaory disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs
tinea
infection of the skin caused by a fungus
urticaria (hives)
acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin
vitiligo
loss of pigment (depigmentation) in areas of the skin (milk-white patches)
callus
increased growth of cells in the keratin layer of the epidermis caused by pressure or friction
keloid
excess hypertrophied, thickened scar developing after trauma or surgical incision
keratosis
thickened and rough lesion of the epidermis; associated with aging or skin damage
leukoplakia
white, thickened patches on mucous membrane tissue of the tongue or cheek (evolves to squamous cell carcinoma)
nervus
pigmented lesion of the skin
verruca
epidermal growth (wart) caused by a virus
basal cell carcinoma
malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis
squamous cell carcinoma
malignant tumor of the squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis
malignant melanoma
cancerous growth composed of melanocytes
kaposi sarcoma
malignant, vascular, neoplastic growth characterized by cutaneous nodules
bacterial analyses
samples of skin are examined for presence of microorganisms
fungal tests
scrapings from skin lesions, hair specimens, or nail clippings are sent to a laboratory for culture and microscopic identification of fungal infection
cryosrugery
use of subfreezing temperature achieved with liquid nitrogen application to destroy tissue
curettage
use of a sharp dermal curette to scrape away a skin lesion
electrodesiccation
tissue is destroyed by burning with an electric spark
Mohs surgery
thin layers of malignant tissue are removed, and each slice is examined microscopically to check for adequate extent of the resection
skin biopsy
suspicious skin lesions are removed or sampled and examined microscopically by a pathologist
skin test
substances are injected intradermally or applied to the skin, and results aer observed
