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Mark's PEARLS > Central Nervous System > Flashcards

Central Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Sedative Hypnotic:

acute anxiety attacks
anesthesia induction
perioperative sedation

A

Midazolam (short acting)

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2
Q

Sedative Hypnotics

seizure disorders (status epilepticus)
alcohol withdrawal
tranquilizer

A

Diazepam (Long acting)

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3
Q

Sedative Hypnotics

Date-rape drug

A

Flunitrazepam

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4
Q

Sedative Hypnotics

antidote to benzodiazepine overdose

A

Flumazenil

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5
Q

Sedative Hypnotics

anesthesia induction
lethal injection
truth serum

A

Thiopental

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6
Q

Sedative Hypnotics

seizure disorders in children and pregnant

SE: precipitates porphyria, potent inducer of CYP450

A

Phenobarbital

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7
Q

Sedative Hypnotics:

Anticonvulsant maintenance

A

Clonazepam

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8
Q

Sedative Hypnotics

Status epilepticus

A

Lorazepam

Diazepam

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9
Q

Sedative Hypnotics

skeletal muscle relaxation (cerebral palsy)

A

Diazepam

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10
Q

Sedative Hypnotics

panic disorders and phobias

A

Alprazolam

Clonazepam

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11
Q

Sedative Hypnotics

For insomnia

A

Estazolam
Flurazepam
Triazolam

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12
Q

Sedative Hypnotics

anesthesia induction

A

Midazolam

Diazepam

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13
Q

Sedative Hypnotics

Bipolar disprder

A

Clonazepam

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14
Q

Sedative Hypnotics

alcohol withdrawal

A

Chlordiazepoxide

Diazepam

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15
Q

What abnormal sleep pattern results from the use of benzodiazepines?

A

Decreased REM sleep

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16
Q

Which benzodiazepine has the longest half-life?

A

Chlordiazepoxide

longest half-life

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17
Q

Which drugs are considered as Date-rape drugs?

A

Alcohol (Most common)
Flunitrazepam (rohyphol)
Gamma-hydroxybuterate

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18
Q

Shortest acting Sedative hypnotic

Truth serum
Lethal injection

A

Thiopental

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19
Q

What is the most catastrophic symptom of sedative-hypnotic withdrawal?

A

Rebound suicide

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20
Q

Sedative Hypnotics:

For Sleep disorders

A

Zolpidem
Zaleplon

zzzzzzzz (sleep)

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21
Q

ALCOHOL:

Most-frequently abused drug

Overdose: Wernicke-korsakoff syndrome
Withdrawal: delirium tremens

A

Ethanol

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22
Q

ALCOHOL:

Prevention of Wernicke-korsakoff syndrome

A

Thiamine (B1)

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23
Q

ALCOHOL:

Treatment of alcohol withdrawal

A

Diazepam

Chlordiazepoxide

24
Q

ALCOHOL:

Wood alcohol

SE: visual dysfunction due to formaldehyde accumulation

25
Q

ALCOHOL:

Anti-freeze

SE: nephrotoxicity due to oxalic acid accumulation

A

Ethylene glycol

26
Q

ALCOHOL:

Alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor

A

Fomepizole

27
Q

ALCOHOL:

Aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor

A

Disulfiram

28
Q

Anti seizure drug:

Status epilepticus
potent CYP450 inducer
Narrow therapeutic window

SE: Gingival Hyperplasia, hirsutism, fetal hydantoin syndrome

29
Q

Anti seizure drug:

potent CYP450 inducer
DOC for partial seizures and trigeminal neuralgia

SE: Blood dyscrasia, auto inducer

A

Carbamazepine

30
Q

Anti seizure drug:

potent CYP450 inhibitor
DOC for GTC and myoclonic seizures

SE: teratogen (spina bifida)

A

Valproic acid

*Only CY P450 INHIBITORS

31
Q

Anti seizure drug:

potent CYP450 inducer
DOC for Seizures in children and pregnant women

SE: porphyria

A

Phenobarbital

For pregnant patient:

  • phenobarbital
  • lamotrigine
  • leviteracetam
32
Q

Anti seizure drug:

DOC for absence seizure

SE: behavioral changes

A

Ethosuximide

33
Q

Anti seizure drug:

DOC for status epilepticus

SE: anterograde annesia

34
Q

Anti seizure drug:

Treatment of neuropathic pain

SE: Nystagmus, tremor

A

Gabapentine

35
Q

Anti seizure drug:

For pregnant women

SE: SJS

A

Lamotrigine

36
Q

ANTI SEIZURE:

DOC for General tonic-clonic seizures

A

Valproic acid
Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Lamotrigine

37
Q

ANTI SEIZURE:

DOC for Partial seizures

A

Carmazepine
Lamotrigine
Phenytoin

38
Q

ANTI SEIZURE:

DOC for Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

Valproic acid

39
Q

ANTI SEIZURE:

DOC for Myoclonic and Atypical Absence Syndromes

A

Valproic Acid

40
Q

ANTI SEIZURE:

DOC for Status epilepticus

A

Lorazepam
Diazepam
Phenytoin
Phenobarbital

41
Q

ANTI SEIZURE:

Status epilepticus
potent CYP450 inducer

SE: Gingival Hyperplasia, hirsutism, fetal hydantoin syndrome

42
Q

SEDATIVE HYPNOTIC POISONING

A

Hot Hot Hot DeCisioN!

Hypothermia
Hypotension
Hypoactive BS
Disinhibition
Coma
Nystagmus
43
Q

ANTI SEIZURE:

First line for MANIA

A

Valproic acid

Others: carbamazepine, lanotrigine

44
Q

ANTI SEIZURE:

Trigeminal neuralgia

A

Carbamazepine

45
Q

ANTI SEIZURE:

Migraine

A

Gabapentin
Phenytoin
Topiramate

46
Q

Anti seizure drug that is a potent CYP450 inducer, DOC for partial seizures and trigeminal neuralgia
SE: Blood dyscrasia, auto inducer

A

Carbamazepine

47
Q

Anti seizure drug that is a potent CYP450 inhibitor, DOC for GTC and myoclonic seizures
SE: teratogen (spina bifida)

A

Valproic acid

48
Q

Anti seizure drug that is a potent CYP450 inducer, DOC for Seizures in children and pregnant women
SE: porphyria

A

Phenobarbital

49
Q

Anti seizure drug used as DOC for absence seizure

SE: behavioral changes

A

Ethosuximide

50
Q

Anti seizure drug used as DOC for status epilepticus

SE: anterograde annesia

51
Q

Anti seizure drug used as Treatment of neuropathic pain

SE: Nystagmus, tremor

A

Gabapentine

52
Q

Anti seizure drug used for pregnant women

SE: SJS

A

Lamotrigine

53
Q

DOC for General tonic-clonic seizures

A

Valproic acid
Phenytoin
Carbamazepine

54
Q

DOC for Partial seizures

A

Carmazepine
Lamotrigine
Phenytoin

55
Q

DOC for Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

Valproic acid

56
Q

DOC for Myoclonic and Atypical Absence Syndromes

A

Valproic Acid

57
Q

DOC for Status epilepticus

A

Lorazepam
Diazepam
Phenytoin
Phenobarbital

Mark's PEARLS (24 decks)

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