Cells and Microscopy Flashcards
What is the formula for Magnification?
Magnification = Image height/ object height
How big is a micrometer and what are the units for micrometers
One micrometer is 1*10 to the power of -6 meters and the units for micrometers are μm
How big is a nanomètre and what are the units for nanomètres
One nanometer is 1*10 to the power of -9 meters and the units for nanometers are nm
How big is a picometer and what are the units for picometers
One picometer is 1 to the power of -12 meters and the units for picometers are pm
What five structures are there in an animal cell?
Cytoplasm, ribosomes, mitochondria, nucleus, cell membrane,
Apart from the structures it shares with animal cells, what structures does a plant cell have?
Vacuole, chloroplasts and a cell wall
What is the purpose of mitochondria
It’s where respiration happens in cells
What is the purpose of ribosomes?
It’s where protein synthesis happens
What is the purpose of the nucleus?
The nucleus controls the cell and it’s where all the genetic material is contained in the form of chromosomes
What is the purpose of the cytoplasm?
It’s where most of the cell’s chemical reactions happen
What is the purpose of the cell membrane
To control what enters and leaves the cell
What is the purpose of the vacuole and what does it contain?
It supports the cell and it contains cell sap( a mixture of sugars and salts)
What is the purpose of the cell wall and what is it made up of?
The cell wall gives strength and support to the cell, as well as shape. It is made up of cellulose
What is the purpose of chloroplasts?
The chloroplasts are where photosynthesis happens
What are the three differences between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells?
- DNA is contained in a nucleus in an eukaryotic cell but flotas around freely in a prokaryotic cell.
- Metabolic processes happen in the mitochondria and/or chloroplasts( if the cell has them) in eukaryotic cells. In prokaryotic cells, these processes happen all over the cell
- Eukaryotic cells are much bigger (5 - 100um) than prokaryotic cells (0.1 - 5.0um). Eukaryotic cells are mostly multi-cellular whilst prokaryotic cells are mostly unicellular.
