Cells and Microscopy

Question 1

What is the formula for Magnification?

Answer 1

Magnification = Image height/ object height

Question 2

How big is a micrometer and what are the units for micrometers

Answer 2

One micrometer is 1*10 to the power of -6 meters and the units for micrometers are μm

Question 3

How big is a nanomètre and what are the units for nanomètres

Answer 3

One nanometer is 1*10 to the power of -9 meters and the units for nanometers are nm

Question 4

How big is a picometer and what are the units for picometers

Answer 4

One picometer is 1 to the power of -12 meters and the units for picometers are pm

Question 5

What five structures are there in an animal cell?

Answer 5

Cytoplasm, ribosomes, mitochondria, nucleus, cell membrane,

Question 6

Apart from the structures it shares with animal cells, what structures does a plant cell have?

Answer 6

Vacuole, chloroplasts and a cell wall

Question 7

What is the purpose of mitochondria

Answer 7

It’s where respiration happens in cells

Question 8

What is the purpose of ribosomes?

Answer 8

It’s where protein synthesis happens

Question 9

What is the purpose of the nucleus?

Answer 9

The nucleus controls the cell and it’s where all the genetic material is contained in the form of chromosomes

Question 10

What is the purpose of the cytoplasm?

Answer 10

It’s where most of the cell’s chemical reactions happen

Question 11

What is the purpose of the cell membrane

Answer 11

To control what enters and leaves the cell

Question 12

What is the purpose of the vacuole and what does it contain?

Answer 12

It supports the cell and it contains cell sap( a mixture of sugars and salts)

Question 13

What is the purpose of the cell wall and what is it made up of?

Answer 13

The cell wall gives strength and support to the cell, as well as shape. It is made up of cellulose

Question 14

What is the purpose of chloroplasts?

Answer 14

The chloroplasts are where photosynthesis happens

Question 15

What are the three differences between eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells?

Answer 15

1. DNA is contained in a nucleus in an eukaryotic cell but flotas around freely in a prokaryotic cell.
2. Metabolic processes happen in the mitochondria and/or chloroplasts( if the cell has them) in eukaryotic cells. In prokaryotic cells, these processes happen all over the cell
3. Eukaryotic cells are much bigger (5 - 100um) than prokaryotic cells (0.1 - 5.0um). Eukaryotic cells are mostly multi-cellular whilst prokaryotic cells are mostly unicellular.