Cardiovascular- CAD and Acute Coronary Flashcards
Mechanism of prinzemetal angina
Vascular smooth muscle hyperactivity leads to focal or diffuse spasm of the coronary arteries, transient MI resulting in angina.
Which other disease has a similar pathophysiology as prinzmetal angina
Raynaud phenomenon.
Cold/ stress induced hyperactivity of the digital arterial smooth muscle leading to episodic vasospasm,
Diagnosis of prinzmetal angina
Ambulatory ECG showing contiguous ST elevation during chest discomfort.
Tx Prinzmetal angina
CCB (preventative) Sublingual nitro (abortive)
The mechanism of intermittent claudication is similar to which cardiac issue
Angina.
Muscle cramps due to exertion-induced ischemia in the setting of peripheral artery disease.
Complications of acute MI 3-5 days
papillary muscle rupture/ dysfunction
interventricular septum rupture
Clinical findings with papillary muscle rupture
RCA MI involvement severe pulmonary edema respiratory distress new early systolic murmur hypotension cariogenic shock
Echo findings with papillary muscle rupture
severe MR
Clinical findings with inter ventricular septum rupture
LAD/ RCA MI involvement chest pain new holosystolic murmur hypotension cariogenic shock
Echo findings interventricular septum rupture
Left to right ventricular shunt
complications of MI within 2 weeks
free wall rupture (normally within 5 days but can occur up to 2 wks)
Clinical presentation of free wall rupture
LAD MI involvement delayed/ no reperfusion Chest pain distant heart sounds shock rapid progression to cardiac arrest
echo findings of free wall rupture
Pericardial effusion with tamponade
complications of MI months
Left ventricular aneurysm
clinical presentation left ventricular aneurysm
Heart failure
angina
ventricular arrhythmias
