Cardio drugs Flashcards
Primary HTN
HCTZ,
ACEI/ARB,
CCB
HTN with heart failure
Diuretics,
ACEI/ARB
Beta-block (only if compensated)
Aldosterone antagonists
Metoprolol for systolic HF
Carvedilol and labetalol are cardioprotective in compensated HF
HTN in DM
ACEI/ARB (nephroprotective)
CCB
HCTZ
Beta block (may mask hypoglycemia)
HTN in pregnancy
Hydralazine, labetalol, methyldopa, nifedipine
-dipine uses (except nimodipine)
HTN, angina (incl. variant), Raynaud phenom.
AE: peripheral edema (decreased arteriolar constr), flush, dizzy, gingival hyperplasia
Nimodipine
subarachnoid hemorrhage
Nicardipine, clevidipine
hypertensive urgency/emergency
Non-dihydropyridines
HTN, anglina, afib/flut
AE: cardiac depression, AV block, hyperprolactinemia, constipation
Hydralazine
cGMP leads to SM relaxation, vasodilates arterioles more than veins
AL reduction
Use: acute HTN, HF (with a nitrate); SAFE in preg.
Give with betablocker to prevent reflect tachycardia
AE: Fluid retetion, HA, angina, drug-indiced SLE (antihistone)
HTN emergency
clevidipine, fenoldopam, labetalol, nicardipine, nitroprusside
Nitroprusside
short acting cGMP to NO; cyanide tox
Fenoldopam
D1 R agonist; vasodilation that spares kidney
Nitrates
Vasodil by increaded cGMP and NO; V>A so preload decrease
USE: angina, ACS, Pulm edema
AE: reflex tachycardia (give with betablock), HTN, flushing, HA
MONDAY disease in industrial exposure
CI in RV infarct
Anti-anginal tx
reduce MVO2 by decreasing EDV, BP, HR or contractility
nitrates and beta-block
can sub verapamil for bb
use caution with partial agonists: pindolol and acebutolol
Ranolazine
Inhibits late phase of Na current, reduces diastolic wall tension and O2 consumption
No effect on HR or contractility
USE in angina refractory to nitrate/bb/verapamil
AE: constip. dizzy, HA, nausea, QT prolongation`
