Cardio Anatomy - Clinically Relevant Anatomy of the Heart Flashcards
What covers the surface of the heart?
Epicardium
What is epicardium synonymous to?
Visceral serous pericardium
Which pericardium is connected to the wall and fibrous pericardium?
Pariteal serous pericardium
If the pericardial cavity fill with blood the pressure around the heart can prevent contraction. What is the name of this condition?
Cardiac tamponade
What is a pericardiocentesis?
Draining fluid form the pericardial cavity using a needle via the infrasternal angle
What is the transverse pericardial sinus?
Posterosuperior space within the pericardial cavity
Lies posterior to the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk
What are the 3 heart surfaces?
Anterior (sternocostal)
Base (posterior)
Inferior (Diaphragmatic)
What are the 3 borders of the heart?
Right
Left (lateral)
Superior border (ascending aorta, SVC and pulmonary trunk)
What is cardiomegaly?
Cardiac englarment
Where is the normal position of the apex beat?
Normally 5th intercostal space, mid-clavicular line (mitral area)
Of the phrenic and vagus nerve which passes lateral anterior and which medial posterior to the heart?
Phrenic = lateral anterior Vagus = medial posterior
The posterior inter ventricular groove indicates the boundary between ______ on which surface of the heart?
Ventricles
diaphragmatic
Coronary arteries arise from?
The ascending aorta
The coronary arteries are often _____ to epicardium usually embedded in?
deep
adipose tissue
What marks the location of the right coronary artery?
right atrioventricular groove
What marks the location of the left coronary artery
left atrioventricular groove
What is the right auricle?
Embryological origin of the right atrium
What is the consequence of a septal defect?
Mixing of atrial and venous blood
What is hypoaxemia?
Reduced oxygen content in the aorta
What are the three openings in the right atrium?
Opening of SVC
Opening of IVC
Opening of coronary sinus
What is the oval fossa (in the right atrium)?
Remnant small depression that indicates former foramen oval during foetal development
What guarantees unidirectional flow through the heart?
Tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, aortic heart valves
Which of the heart valves have 3 cusps?
Tricuspid
Aortic
Pulmonary
Which of the heart valves have 2 cusps?
Mitral
