Cancer Flashcards

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1
Q

True or False? Cancer is an abnormal growth of cells

A

True- growth of cells is uncontrolled

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2
Q

When the cancer cell travels from the original location to a new place, what is it called?

A

Metastasis

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3
Q

What acronym is used to describe the warning signs of cancer?

A

C.A.U.T.I.O.N.

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4
Q

What do the letters stand for?

A
C-hange in bowel or bladder
A-ny sore that does not heal
U-nusual bleedings/ discharge
T-hickening in breast 
I-ndigestion
O-bvious change in wart
N-agging cough or hoarseness
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5
Q

What are the two ways to describe a tumor?

A

By grading or staging

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6
Q

What is the difference between the two?

A

Grading describes a tumor by the cells. Staging describes the progression of a tumor by the clinical symptom.

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7
Q

What are the three types of radiation treatment?

A

External unsealed; internal sealed; and internal

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8
Q

What precautions must be taken for a client receiving radiation treatment?

A

Private room/ bathroom

Limit visitors, rotate nursing staff who provide care, place sign at door and bedside

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9
Q

What is the most dangerous type of radiation?

A

Sealed internal radiation because a solid radioactive implant is placed inside the tumor

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10
Q

What additional precautions must be taken for clients receiving sealed internal radiation?

A

All body fluids are radioactive; use hazardous clean up, gloves/ gown.

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11
Q

If a client’s sealed internal implant falls out. (e.g., cervical implant), what should you do?

A

Pick it up with a long- handle forceps and put it in a lead container.

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12
Q

Chemotherapy works by destroying the cell___

A

wall

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13
Q

What are the side effects of chemotherapy?

A

Nausea, anorexia, alopecia sterility, decreased bone marrow and platelets

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14
Q

Why is Reglan (metoclopramide) given?

A

To reduce nausea

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15
Q

Is alopecia from chemotherapy permanent?

A

No it is temporary

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16
Q

Is sterility from chemotherapy permanent

A

Yes

17
Q

Clients with cancer will also need ___ _____

A

Neutropenic Precautions

18
Q

What are neutropenic precautions?

A
Strict hand washing
No visitors who are sick
No children
No raw food , no live plants 
NO free-standing water
19
Q

What is Neupogen (filgrastim)?

A

Drug used to treat neutropenia; Monitors WBC’s

20
Q

When is the best time to do a breast self-exam?

A

One week after menstruation

21
Q

When is the best time to do a self-testicular exam?

A

The same day each month

22
Q

If a client has had mastectomy, can you take a blood pressure on the affected side?

A

No IV or BP

23
Q

List some other post-mastectomy patient education tips.

A

Elevate affected extremity, no initial exercise after surgery, encourage discussion for positive self-image