Blood Pressure Flashcards
What is blood pressure?
Force of blood flowing through the arteries
What is the recommended blood pressure?
120/80
What are the top and bottom value?
Systolic and dialstolic
Define the terms: Systolic and diastolic pressure
Systolic- Pressure while heart beats
Diastolic- Pressure while heart rests
Which value determines if a person has HTN?
Diastolic- if the pressure of the heart is elevated at rest, then HTN is present
What are the risk factors for hypertension?
African-American, obesity, anxiety, diabetes, smoking
What are the physical signs of hypertension?
Blurry vision, headache, chest pain; but remember that HTN is called the silent killer bc most people don’t have any symptoms
How can the size of the blood pressure cuff affect blood pressure reading?
too small BP will be higher
too big BP will be lower
What are some other factors that alter blood pressure?
position, caffeine, anxiety, activity
What is pulse pressure?
The difference between systolic and diastolic numbers
What is the mean arterial pressure?
Diastolic(+) 1/3 of pulse pressure; this value should be greater than 60
Before you give blood pressure medication, always check ___ ___ and ___ ___
Blood pressure and pulse rate
Hold the medication if systolic BP is less than ___ or heart rate is less than___
100,60
What classes of medications are used for HTN
Diuretics, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, vasodilators
Medications that end in “pril” are ___ ___
Ace inhibitors
Ace Inhibitors correct heart failure by ___ after load
Decreasing- they also promote vasodilation by inhibiting the production of angiotensin.
____ is an adverse reaction seen with the use of ACE inhibitor
Angioedema
Signs of angioedema are?
Swelling of the lips and mouth
Clients may also have a persistent, nagging
cough
Which is more dangerous in angioedema: cough or swelling of lips and mouth?
Swelling of the lips and mouth may indicate laryngeal angioedema. A compromised airway is the priority
Medications that end in “olol” are ___ ___
Beta Blockers
Clients who take anti-hypertensive medications should be taught what method to avoid falling?
Sit in chair or at bedside for 30 minutes after taking medication to adjust to a lower circulating blood pressure e
What herbal Medication is used to lower BP
Garlic
Clients taking anti-hypertensives should avoid hot showers, baths, and weather. True or false
True. These things can cause dizziness
What is the best diet for a hypertensive client?
Low-sodium, low-fat DASH diet
