C3.11/C3.12 - Nanoparticles Flashcards
nanoscience
study of particles between 1- 100 nanometres in size
1 nm =
- 1 x 10 to the power of -9
-1 billionth of a metre
particulate matter (pm)
-particles in air
-often pollutants or pollen/dust
size of nanoparticles
2 order of magnitude (100 times) smaller than the finest dust particle
-invisible in light
the higher the SA:V ratio is ..
the greater the proportion of particles exposed at the surface are
Nanoparticles SA:V ratio
-higher ratio = reacts quicker
why do nanoparticles react quicker
more particles nearer to surface = more exposure to reactant = faster reaction
surface are
length x width x number of faces
volume
length x width x depth
why is nanotech useful
-smaller quantities are used for same outcome
-less resources are used up
-more sustainable approach in industries
Nanotech: Fabrics - application
-silver nanoparticles embedded in fabric
Nanotech: Fabrics - benefits
-gives fabric antibacterial properties
-odour resistant
Nanotech: Fabrics - cons
-washed out of clothes
-damage environment
Nanotech: Medicine -application
-delivery of drugs to particular locations in body
-known as nanocages
Nanotech: Medicine - pros
-destroys tumour cells but not healthy cells
Nanotech: Medicine - cons
-needs more testing before trusted by public
Nanotech: Electronics - application
-used to improve displays
Nanotech: Electronics - pros
-reduces power consumption
-decreases weight of screens
-less material
Nanotech: Electronics - cons
- damage environment if disposed of incorrectly
Nanotech: sunscreens - application
-nanoparticles coated in zinc oxide
Nanotech: sunscreens - pros
-absorb uv light more efficiently
-better skin coverage
Nanotech: sunscreens - cons
-can cause skin damage
Nanotech: cosmetics - application
-face creams/deodrant use silver nanoparticles
Nanotech: cosmetics - pros
-better skin coverage
-effective on bacteria
Nanotech: cosmetics - cons
-can cause skin damage
Nanotech: catalysts - application
-platinum nanoparticles used as catalysts in fuel cells that produce hydrogen ions
Nanotech: catalysts - pros
-cheaper
-lighter than normal ones as less platinum is used
Nanotech: catalysts - cons
-difficult to dispose of without causing environmental damage