C2.4 - Group 7 - The Halogens, Trends of Group 1 + 7

Question 1

Properties of group 7 elements

Answer 1

-toxic non-metals
-can be solid/liquid/ gas
-coloured vapour + gets darker as you move down the group
-low melting/boiling points + increase as you move down
-poor conductors of heat/electricity

Question 2

Fluorine facts

Answer 2

-symbol = F
-molecule = F2
-gas
-yellow
-most reactive halogen

Question 3

Chlorine facts

Answer 3

-symbol = Cl
-molecule = Cl2
-gas
-green

Question 4

Bromine facts

Answer 4

-symbol = Br
-molecule = Br2
-liquid
-brown

Question 5

Iodine facts

Answer 5

-symbol = I
-molecule = I2
-solid
-dark blue
-least reactive halogen

Question 6

Bonding of halogens

Answer 6

-exist as diatomic molecules
-diatomic pairs are joined with a covalent bond

Question 7

Halogen + non-metal

Answer 7

-makes a halide
-joined by a covalent bond

Question 8

Halogens + metals

Answer 8

-metal halide
-forms an ionic compound
-forms a negative ion of the halogen
-positive ion of the metal

Question 9

Formula for halogens and hydrogen

Answer 9

F2 + H2 –> 2HF

Question 10

halide meaning

Answer 10

name of halogen when it has reacted with another substance to gain a full outer shell

Question 11

hydrogen halide meaning

Answer 11

compound formed by hydrogen + halogen

Question 12

metal halide meaning

Answer 12

metal + halogen compound

Question 13

diatomic meaning

Answer 13

-molecules that exist as two atoms covalently bonded

Question 14

displacement reactions definition

Answer 14

-a reaction that occurs when a more reactive element pushes a less reactive element out of its compound

Question 15

Electrostatic attraction depends on:

Answer 15

-distance between outermost electrons and nucleus (periods)
-number of occupied inner shells
-size of nuclear charge

Question 16

Why does the number of occupied inner shells affect the electrostatic forces?

Answer 16

As they provide a shielding effect.

Question 17

Electrostatic forces

Answer 17

The attraction between oppositely charged particles (protons and electrons)

Question 18

Group 1 elements’ electrons are easily lost when…

Answer 18

the atoms are larger (more periods) due to the weaker electrostatic forces

Question 19

Electrons are harder to gain in group 7 elements when…

Answer 19

the atoms are larger due to the weaker electrostatic forces

Question 20

What makes an element more reactive

Answer 20

-as it becomes easier to lose/gain electrons
-so the chemical reaction is more likely to occur

Question 21

How to work out chemical formulas for ionic compounds

Answer 21

cancel charges out