Brucella Flashcards
Among the Brucella species Brucella melilentis is the most pathogenic species for humans
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Brucella species cannot tolerate high temperature (60 °C) and low pH (pH: 4).
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-resistance medium
Rose-Bengal test is used for the detection of antibodies against brucellae
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Brucellae can be detected by staining in the placenta of aborted foetuses in the case of brucellosis
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Humans can acquire brucellosis from raw milk
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Europe is free from Brucella ovis
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Undulant fever, malaise, inappetence, fatigue, and muscle and joint pains can be the clinical sings of human brucellosis
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Brucella species are generally zoonotic agents
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Brucella are facultative IC agents
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Brucella is generally a notifiable disease
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More than one serological test must be carried out from one serum sample at the same time in the case of serodiagnostics of brucellosis
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Brucellosis is a chronic disease
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Brucella species are gram-negative, fastidious, coccoid rod-shaped bacteria
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There is a serological relationship among some brucella species, because of the same polysaccharides in the cell wall
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Worldwide distribution is characteristic for brucellosis
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-Endemic in Mediterranean Malta fever?
Köster staining is used for staining of brucellae
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Brucella can be both acute or chronic in humans
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Brucella melitensis is endemic in Mediterranean area
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Brucella species are serologically uniform
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Brucella species need cysteine or cystine as an additive for the culture
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Brucella species are not zoonotic agents
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Susceptibility of humans to different Brucella species is different
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Consumption of raw milk is an important route of human Brucella infection
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Brucella need chocolate agar to culture
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There is a close antigenic relationship between B. ovis and B. melitensis
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B. suis is a zoonotic agent
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Brucella ovis needs CO2 to culture
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-obligate aerobic capnophilic?
Brucella are Gram-positive and Köster-positive bacteria
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The antigens of Brucella are uniform
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The majority of the Brucella species can infect humans
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Brucella are not fastidious bacteria, they can be cultured on simple nutrient agar
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Brucella species are non-motile, Gram-negative, small coccoid rods
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There is a serological relationship among B. abortus, B. melitensis and B. ovis, because of the same surface polysaccharides
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There are no brucellosis-free countries in the world
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There is close antigenic relationship between Brucella bovis and Brucella ovis
F-no brucella bovis
Brucella canis is stained red as a result of Köster-staining
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Brucella species are not fastidious bacteria, we can use nutrient agar in diagnostic work
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There is a strong relationship in antigenic structure of Brucella canis and Brucella ovis
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Fetus, fetal membrane and blood sample from the dam must be send to the diagnostic institute in abortion case
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Human brucellosis was described for the first time by David Bruce in Malta Island in 1886
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Brucella abortus stains red as a result of Köster-staining
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There is a strong relationship in the antigenic structure of B. melitensis and B. suis
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All of the Brucella species are zoonotic agents
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Vaccination is a regularly used prevention method in the brucellosis free countries of EU
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In the case of a same serum sample it is advisable to carry out more serological tests for the detection of antibodies against Brucella species, because different serological tests can show different results
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Rev I. is an inactivated vaccine strain
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There are no differences in serological features of Brucella species with veterinary importance
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With Köster-staining all Brucella are positive
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Sheep and goat are the reservoirs for Brucella
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Hungary is Brucella free
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Humans are resistant to Brucella melitensis
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Raw milk consumption can be the source of human brucellosis
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Vaccination against brucellosis is common in the EU
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Attenuated vaccine strains can cause abortion in pregnant animals
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Focal necrosis and inflammation are seen in fetuses aborted due to Brucella
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Brucella is an obligate pathogen
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Brucella are a notifiable disease
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Brucella can be found on the mucous membranes of the genital tract
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All Brucella can be stained with Köster staining
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There will be cross-reactions between S-type colonies in case of Brucella
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Brucellosis is found in most parts of the world
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In sexually immature animals, Brucella multiplies in the lymph nodes
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Brucellosis is usually introduced by infected asymptomatic animals
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Abortion caused by brucellosis is followed by retained fetal membranes
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An attenuated vaccine is used in Hungary for prevention of B. melitensis
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Brucella has average resistance
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Brucella is seen only in the northern hemisphere
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Herd replacement is the only way of eradication of porcine brucellosis
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Wild boars and wild hares can serve as reservoir species of swine brucellosis
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Wild boars can be the carrier of Brucella melitensis
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Worldwide occurrence is characteristic for swine brucellosis
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Brucella suis can cause chronic localized udder infection in cattle
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Brucella suis can infect only pigs
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Wild boars can infect domesticated pigs with Brucella suis
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Brucella suis serological tests can be used for livestock diagnosis only
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Brucella suis can colonise the udder of cattle
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Osteomyelitis is a frequent sign of porcine brucellosis
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Brucella suis causes Swine Brucellosis
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Wild boars can be the source of swine brucellosis in domestic pigs reared outdoors
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European brown hare can carry and shed B. suis biotype 2
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Swine brucellosis does not occur in Europe
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Rev-1 strain is an attenuated live B. suis strain
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B. suis can infect brown hares
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Brucella suis can cause severe abortion in cattle
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Brucella bovis can infect brown hares
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Arthritis is a typical clinical sign of porcine brucellosis
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Farmed pigs are regularly vaccinated against brucellosis in Europe in order to prevent infection from wild boars
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Stock exchange is the only safe eradication method in case of swine brucellosis
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Swine brucellosis is an exotic disease in Europe, we can see this disease in South-East Asia only
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In swine brucellosis the results of serological tests can be used only for herd diagnosis, because the low sensitivity and specificity of these serological tests
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Pneumonia and nasal discharge are characteristic clinical findings in swine brucellosis
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B. suis biotype 2 is widespread in wild swine population all over the world
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Swine brucellosis can be treated successfully with antibiotics
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Porcine brucellosis is a notifiable disease
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With the help of the appropriate antibiotics we can eradicate B. suis from a swine herd
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Humans are not susceptible to the causative agent of swine brucellosis
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Wild hare is an important reservoir of Brucella abortus biotype 2 in Europe
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Brucella suis was isolated by Sir David Bruce as a first time in 1886 in Malta Island
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Brucella suis biotype 2 can cause disease in hares
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In the case of swine brucellosis, no clinical signs can be seen in boars
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Stock exchange in the main way of eradication of porcine brucellosis
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Swine brucellosis is present in wild boars in several European countries
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Hungary is free from Brucella suis
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Secondary hosts of swine brucellosis are dog, human and cattle
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Maintaining host of swine brucellosis are reindeer, hare and small rodents
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Brucellosis in swine causes abortion at any time of the pregnancy
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Boars are asymptomatic in case of brucellosis infection
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Abortion occurs due to liver lesions in the piglets in case of brucellosis
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Chronic cases of brucellosis cause lameness in both boars and sows
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Antibiotics are widely used to treat swine brucellosis
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Abortion is a frequent clinical sign of porcine brucellosis
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Stillbirth is a frequent clinical sign of porcine brucellosis
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Diarrhoea is a frequent clinical sign of porcine brucellosis
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Brucella abortus can cause septicaemia in cattle
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Brucella abortus can cause necrosis in the chorionic villi of pregnant cattle
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ABR test can detect antibodies against Brucella abortus in milk
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Arthritis is a clinical sign of bovine brucellosis
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Fluoroquinolones are the first choice for treatment of bovine brucellosis
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In case of brucellosis our aim is eradication and maintain the disease-free status
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Abortion is a clinical sign of bovine brucellosis
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Brucella abortus can colonise the udder and shed with the milk of cows
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Brucella abortus can colonise the testicles, epididymis and accessory genital glands and shed with the semen
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Cattle can be asymptomatic carriers of brucellae
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Infected cattle carry brucellae lifelong
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Calves can be infected with brucellae during pregnancy if the cow is infected
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