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Science For Medicine JK > Bone > Flashcards

Bone Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How many bones at birth and adulthood?

A

270 and 206

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2
Q

Functions of bone

A 
weight bearing/support
Protection
Blood formation
Mineral store
Movement
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3
Q

Compact bone

A

Outside layer giving bone white solid appearance

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4
Q

How is compact bone arranged?

A

Osteons/ haversian systems - concentric rings and osteocytes

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5
Q

Medullary cavity

A

Stores red bone marrow

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6
Q

Endosteum

A

Membrane inside

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7
Q

Periosteum

A

Membrane outside the bone

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8
Q

Spongy bone

A

Lamellated trabeculae filled with bone marrow and orientation reflects forces

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9
Q

Endochondral development

A

Long bones
Cartilage model and blood vessels invade
cartilage => bone In epiphyseal growth plate which eventually ossifies

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10
Q

Intramembranous

A

Flat bones and clavicle
Mesenchymal cells=>osteoprogenitor cells=> osteoblasts
Residues turn to blood vessel and bone marrow

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11
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Cells with a single nucleus that synthesise bone

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12
Q

Osteocytes

A

Star shaped bone cell found in mature bone

Found in lacunae and canalicuni

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13
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Breaks down bone tissue - derived from Mo

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14
Q

Hydroxyapaite crystals

A

Concrete and support

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15
Q

Collagen

A

Reinforced steel as flexible and strong under pressure

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16
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Degrade bone faster than made

17
Q

Paget’s disease

A

Excessive breakdown and formation of bone - pain and deafness as nerve compressed

18
Q

Osteopetrosis

A

Bones harden and become denser as less resorption by osteoclasts

19
Q

What happens to women’s bones after menopause?

A

Bone mass decrease due to less calcium

Oestrogen declines so more ostoclasts

20
Q

What has a negative effect on bone mass?

A

Weightlessness and bed rest

21
Q

What has a positive impact on bone mass?

A

High impact sport

22
Q

Homology

A

The similarity in arrangement, position and function of structures in creatures that are derived from a common ancestor

Science For Medicine JK (25 decks)

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