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Medical Terminology > Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems > Flashcards

Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems Flashcards

1
Q

antigen

A

substance that, when entering the body, prompts and generation of antibodies, causing an immune response

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2
Q

autoimmune

A

type of immune response by the body against its own cells or tissues

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3
Q

hematopoiesis

A

production and development of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow; also called hemopoiesis

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4
Q

immune response

A

defense function of the body that protects it against invading pathogens, foreign tissues, and malignancies

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5
Q

immunodeficiency

A

decreased or compromised ability to fight disease or a condition resulting from a defective immune mechanism

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6
Q

interstitial fluid

A

fluid between cells and in tissue spaces

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7
Q

lymphocyte

A

type of white blood cell (WBC) found in the lymph nodes, spleen, bloodstream, and lymph that functions in the body’s immune system by recognizing and deactivating foreign substances (antigens)

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8
Q

monosytes

A

large WBCs formed in the bone marrow that circulate in the blood-stream and destroy pathogenic bacteria through phagocytosis

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9
Q

oncology

A

branch of medicine concerned with the study of cancerous growths (malignancies)

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10
Q

pathogens

A

any microorganism capable of producing disease

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11
Q

transfusion

A

collection of blood or blood component from a donor followed by its infusion into a recipient

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12
Q

agglutin/o

A

clumping, gluing

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13
Q

embol/o

A

embolus (plug)

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14
Q

erythro/o

A

red

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15
Q

hem/o, hemat/o

A

blood

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16
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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17
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow; spinal cord

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18
Q

thromb/o

A

blood clot

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19
Q

ven/o

A

vein

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20
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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21
Q

immun/o

A

immune, immunity, safe

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22
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph

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23
Q

lymphaden/o

A

lymph gland (node)

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24
Q

lymphangi/o

A

lymph vessel

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25
phag/o
swallowing, eating
26
splen/o
spleen
27
thym/o
thymus gland
28
-emia
blood condition
29
-phage
swallowing, eating
30
-phylaxis
protection
31
-poiesis
formation, production
32
-stasis
standing still
33
anemia
blood disorder characterized by a deficiency of red blood cell production and hemoglobin, increased red blood cell destruction, or blood loss
34
aplastic
failure of bone marrow to produce stem cells because it has been damaged by disease, cancer, radiation, or chemotherapy drugs; rare but serious form of anemai
35
pernicious
deficiency of erythrocytes resulting from inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the body, which plays a vital role in hematopoiesis
36
thalassemia
group of hereditary anemias caused by an inability to produce hemoglobin; usually seen in people of mediterranean origin
37
hemophilia
group of hereditary bleeding disorders characterized by a deficiency of one of he factors necessary for coagulation of blood
38
leukemia
malignant disease of the bone marrow characterized by excessive production of leukocytes
39
acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
transmissible infection caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and associated with suppression of the immune system; characterized by increasing susceptibility to infection, malignancies, and neurological diseases
40
Hodgkin Lymphoma
malignant disease originating in the lymphocytes (part of the body's immune system) that occurs most often in young adults and characterized by the presence of unique Reed-Sternberg cells (malignant cells) in the lymph nodes; also called Hodgkin disease
41
immunodeficiency disease
any of a group of diseases caused by a defect in the immune system and generally characterized by susceptibility to infection and chronic diseases
42
Kaposi sarcoma
malignancy of connective tissue, including bone, fat muslce, and fibrous tissue that is commonly fatal (because the tumors readily metastasize to various organs) and closely associated with AIDS
43
Lymphadenitis
inflammation and enlargement of the lymph nodes, usually as a result of infection
44
lymphedema
debilitating condition of localized fluid retention and tissue swelling caused by a blockage in the lymphatic system that prevents lymph fluid in the upper limbs from draining adequately
45
mononucleosis
acute infection caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and characterized by a sore throat, fever, fatigue, and enlarged lymph nodes
46
multiple myeloma
malignant disease of bone marrow plasma cells
47
non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
a group of more than 20 different types of lymphomas (except Hodgkin lymphoma) that occur in older adults but are not characterized by Reed-Sternberg Cells (malignant cells)
48
opportunistic infection
any infection that results from a defective immune system that cannot defend against pathogens normally found in the environment
49
bone marrow aspiration
removal of a small amount of tissue (bone marrow biopsy) to diagnose blood disorders, cancers, or infectious diseases or to gather cells for later infusion into a patient
50
Complete blood count (CBC)
serious of blood tests to determine general health status as well as screening for infection, anemias, and other diseases
51
ELISA
test to screen blood for presence of HIV antibodies or for other disease causing substances
52
lymphangiography
radiographic examination of lymph glands and lymphatic vessels after an injection of a contrast medium to view the path of lymph flow as it moves into the chest region
53
tissue typing
technique used to determine the histocompatibility of tissues; used in grafts and transplants with the recipients tissues and cells; also called histocompatibility test
54
Western blot
Test to detect presence of viral DNA in the blood and used to confirm the diagnosis of AIDS as well as detecting other viruses
55
blood transfusion
administration of whole blood or component, such as packed red cells, to replace blood lost through trauma, surgery, or disease
56
bone marrow transplant
diseased bone marrow is destroyed by irradiation and chemotherapy and replaced from a healthy donor to simulate production of normal blood cells; used to treat aplastic anemia, leukemia, and certain cancers
57
lymphagiectomy
removal of a lymph vessel
58
immunizations
vaccination or injection of immune globulins to induce immunity to a particular infectious disease
59
immunosuppressants
suppress the immune response to prevent organ rejection after transplantation or slow the progression of autoimmune disease
60
vaccinations
introduction of altered antigens (viruses or bacteria) into the body to produce an immune response and protect against disease

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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