Blood & Hematocrit (LAB PRACTICAL)

Question 1

Erythrocytes

Answer 1

-Red blood cells that use hemoglobin to carry O2 to blood tissues
-Most abundant formed element

Question 2

Leukocytes

Answer 2

White blood cells

Question 3

Granulocytes

Answer 3

Leukocytes with visible granules in their cytoplasm
-Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

Question 4

Agranulocytes

Answer 4

Leukocytes without visible granules in their cytoplasm
-Lymphocytes & Monocytes

Question 5

Diapedesis

Answer 5

Process of white blood cells leaving capillaries onto surrounding tissue.

Question 6

Platelets

Answer 6

Fragments of megakaryocytes that aid in blood clotting

Question 7

Physical Description of Neutrophils

Answer 7

-Multilobed nucleus
-Pale red and blue cytoplasmic granules
-10 to 12 um diameter

Question 8

Physical Description of Eosinophil

Answer 8

-Bi-lobed nucleus
-Red cytoplasmic granules
-10 to 14 um diameter

Question 9

Physical Description of Basophils

Answer 9

-Lobed nucleus
-Large blue & purple cytoplasmic granules
-10 to 14 um diameter

Question 10

Physical Description of Lymphocytes

Answer 10

-Spherical or indented nucleus
-Pale blue cytoplasm
-5 to 17 um diameter

Question 11

Physical Description of Monocyte

Answer 11

-Nucleus U or kidney-shaped
-Gray or Blue cytoplasm
-14 to 24 um diameter

Question 12

Function of neutrophils

Answer 12

phagocytize pathogens and debris

Question 13

Function of eosinophils

Answer 13

-Kill parasitic worms
-Slightly phagocytic
-Complex role in allergy and asthma

Question 14

Function of basophils

Answer 14

-Release histamine and other mediators of inflammation
-Contains heparin (Anticoagulant)

Question 14

Function of lymphocytes

Answer 14

Mount immune response by direct cell attack or via antibody production

Question 15

Function of monocytes

Answer 15

Develop into macrophages in tissues and phagocytize pathogens or debris

Question 16

Function of platelets

Answer 16

Seal small tears in blood vessels

Question 17

Performing a hematocrit

Answer 17

Place capillary tube into blood sample and measure (Height of RBC/Height of all blood components)

Question 18

Order of blood centrifuged from top to bottom

Answer 18

1. Plasma
2. Buffy Coat
3. Erythrocytes

Question 19

Normal Hematocrit levels for Males, Females, and Newborns

Answer 19

Male: 42-52%
Female: 37-47%
Newborn: 49-61%

Question 20

Leukocytosis

Answer 20

-Too high leukocyte count
-Buffy coat is over 1% of blood volume
-Caused by infection or some kind of leukemia

Question 21

Anemia

Answer 21

Too low erythrocyte count

Question 22

Aplastic anemia

Answer 22

Bone marrow does not produce enough erythrocytes

Question 23

Iron-deficiency anemia

Answer 23

Erythrocytes are smaller

Question 24

Hemolytic anemia

Answer 24

Erythrocytes are destroyed too quickly

Question 25

Sickle cell anemia

Answer 25

Sickle-shaped erythrocytes

Question 26

Hemorrhagic anemia

Answer 26

Caused by blood loss and not detected by hematocrit

Question 27

Hematocrit of individuals living at high altitude

Answer 27

Higher hematocrit due to the lower levels of oxygen that will cause kidneys to produce more RBC’s

Question 28

Affect of dehydration on anemia

Answer 28

Loss of water means less plasma