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Biological Chart- Done Flashcards

0
Q

Synonyms for rabies

A

Hydrophobia

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1
Q

Potential occupational exposures for rabies

A
  1. Vets
  2. Wild animal handlers
  3. Those involved with dogs and cats of unknown origin
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2
Q

Route of entry for rabies

A

Bite of rabid domestic or wild animal

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3
Q

Types of animals that can spread rabies

A
  1. Skunk
  2. Fox
  3. Bat
  4. Raccoon
  5. Dogs
  6. Cats
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4
Q

Local effects of rabies

A

None except bite

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5
Q

Systemic effects of rabies

A

Almost invariably fatal acute encephalitis

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6
Q

Preventative measures for rabies

A
  1. Avoid bites
  2. Vaccinate pets and farm animals
  3. Post-exposure immunization
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7
Q

Rabies type of disease

A

Viral

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8
Q

Potential occupational exposures cat scratch fever

A
  1. Animal lab workers
  2. Cat and dig handlers
  3. Vets
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9
Q

Route of entry for cat scratch fever

A

Break in skin from cat scratch, thorns, splinters

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10
Q

Local effects of cat scratch fever

A

Papule-pustule

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11
Q

Systemic effects of cat scratch fever

A
  1. Regional lymphadenitis
  2. Headache
  3. Mild fever

Self limited

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12
Q

Preventative measures for cat scratch fever

A
  1. Proper and immediate attention to scratches
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13
Q

Cat scratch fever type of disease

A

Viral

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14
Q

Potential Occupational exposures for orf virus

A
  1. Shepherds
  2. Stockyard workers
  3. Shearers
  4. Vets
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15
Q

Synonyms for Orf virus

A
  1. Ecthyma infectiosum

2. Ecthyma contagiosum

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16
Q

Route of entry for Orf virus

A

Small break in skin on exposed parts

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17
Q

Local effects if Orf virus

A

Pustule

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18
Q

Systemic effects of Orf virus

A
  1. Mild fever
  2. Lymphadenitis

Adenitis is self limiting

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19
Q

Preventative measures for Orf virus

A
  1. Pasture control measures

2. Hygienic precautions

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20
Q

Potential occupational exposures for Milker’s nodules

A
  1. Milk producers
  2. Dairy farmers
  3. Vets
  4. Cattle breeders
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21
Q

Synonyms for Milker’s Nodules

A
  1. Milker’s nodes

2. Pseudocowpox

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22
Q

Route of entry for Milker’s nodules

A

Break in skin of hands

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23
Q

Local effects of Milker’s Nodules

A

Single or multiple nodules

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24
Systemic effects of Milker's nodules
Possibly... 1. Mild headache 2. Fever
25
Preventative measures for Milker's nodules
1. Proper management of mastitis in cows | 2. Use of gloves, soap and water and disinfectants
26
Milker's nodules type of disease
Viral
27
Potential occupational exposures for Newcastle disease
1. Poultry handlers 2. Vets 3. Virologists
28
Synonyms for Newcastle disease
Avian pneumoencephalitis
29
Route of entry of Newcastle disease
Upper respiratory tract
30
Local effects of Newcastle disease
1. Lacrimation 2. Edema of eyelids 3. Conjunctivitis
31
Systemic effects of Newcastle disease
1. Mild headache 2. Fever 3. Respiratory involvement Self limited
32
Preventative measures for Newcastle disease
1. Proper care and handling of infected birds
33
Newcastle disease type
Viral
34
Rocky mountain spotted fever type of disease
Rickettsial/chlamydial
35
Potential occupational exposures for rocky mountain spotted fever
1. Foresters 2. Rangers 3. Ranchers 4. Farmers 5. Hunters 6. Anyone working in areas where ticks are present
36
Synonyms for rocky mountain spotted fever
1. Spotted fever | 2. Tick fever
37
Route of entry for rocky mountain spotted fever
To man by bite of infected tick
38
Local effects of Rocky Mountian spotted fever
Inflammation and itching from the bite
39
Systemic effects of rocky mountain spotted fever
1. Sudden onset fever 2. Headache 3. Chills 4. Rash 5. Red eyes
40
Prevention measures for rocky mountain spotted fever
1. Avoid tick infested areas 2. Careful removal of ticks 3. Wear protected clothing 4. Sprays
41
Lyme disease type
Rickettsial/chlamydial
42
Potential occupational exposures to Lyme disease
1. Foresters 2. Rangers 3. Ranchers 4. Farmers 5. Hunters 6. Anyone working in areas where ticks are present
43
Synonyms for Lyme disease
Deer tick fever
44
Route of entry for Lyme disease
To man by bite from infected tick
45
Local effects from Lyme disease
Redness & bulls eye rash Usually delayed symptoms
46
Systemic effects of Lyme disease
1. Arthritic-type symptoms | 2. Joint pain and swelling
47
Preventative measures for Lyme disease
1. Avoid tick infested areas 2. Sprays 3. Protective clothing
48
Q fever disease type
Rickettsial & Chlamydial
49
Potential occupational exposures for Q fever
1. Dairy farmers 2. Ranchers 3. Stockyard workers
50
Synonyms for Q fever
Australian Q fever
51
Route of entry for Q fever
1. Inhalation with contaminated dust | 2. Contact with infected animals
52
Local effects of Q fever
None
53
Systemic effects of Q fever
1. Flu like | 2. Possibly with pneumonitis
54
Preventive measures for Q fever
1. Avoid aerosolized products of conception of animals | 2. Pasteurization of milk
55
Ornithosis disease type
Rickettsial & chlamydial
56
Potential occupational exposures for ornithosis
1. Pet shop employees 2. Taxidermists 3. Zoo attendants
57
Synonyms for ornithosis
1. Psittacosis | 2. Parrot fever
58
Route of entry for ornithosis
Inhalation of dried discharges and droppings of birds
59
Local effects of ornithosis
None
60
Systemic effects of ornithosis
1. Headache 2. Fever 3. Diarrhea 4. Lethargy 5. Nausea 6. Vomiting 7. Pneumonitis
61
Preventive measures for ornithosis
1. Importation regulations | 2. Traffic control of imported birds
62
Tetanus disease type
Bacterial
63
Potential occupational exposures to tetanus
Any occupation where there is a hazard of trauma which breaks the skin
64
Synonyms for tetanus
Lockjaw
65
Route of entry for tetanus
Break in skin
66
Local effects of tetanus
Entry wound
67
Systemic effects of tetanus
- Toxic painful spasms of jaw and neck muscles | - Untreated mortality is greater than 70%
68
Preventive measures for tetanus
1. Active immunization 2. Boosters 3. Human immune globulin
69
Anthrax disease type
Bacterial
70
Potential occupational exposures to anthrax
Limited to workers handling goat hair, wool and hides
71
Synonyms for anthrax
1. Wool sorters disease | 2. Rag sorters disease
72
Route of entry for anthrax
Small breaks in skin
73
Local effects of anthrax
Vesicles initially, then depressed black eschar
74
Systemic effects of anthrax
Spreads through nodes and blood stream. Overwhelming septicemia
75
Preventive measures for anthrax
1. Certification of imported hides, hair, wool | 2. Immunization
76
Brucellosis disease type
Bacterial
77
Potential occupational exposures for brucellosis
1. Meat packing house employees 2. Livestock producers 3. Vets
78
Synonyms for brucellosis
1. Undulant fever 2. Malta fever 3. Bang's disease
79
Route of entry for brucellosis
Small cuts and scratches
80
Local effects of brucellosis
None
81
Systemic effects of brucellosis
Flu like 1. Fever 2. Headache 3. Weight loss 4. Weakness
82
Preventive measures for brucellosis
1. Control of disease in animals | 2. Attention to minor cuts and scratches
83
Leptospirosis disease type
Bacterial
84
Potential occupational exposures for leptospirosis
1. Farmers 2. Field and sugar cane workers 3. Livestock and packing house workers 4. Sewer workers 5. Miners 6. Vets 7. Military
85
Synonyms for leptospirosis
1. Weils disease | 2. Swineherd's disease
86
Route of entry for leptospirosis
1. Scratch or abrasion | 2. Contact with infected urine or tissue
87
Local effects of leptospirosis
None
88
Systemic effects of leptospirosis
1. Fever 2. Headache 3. Chills 4. Severe aches 5. Vomiting Fatality may be 20%
89
Preventive measures for leptospirosis
1. Boots 2. Gloves 3. Vaccination of farm animals and pets
90
Plague disease type
Bacterial
91
Potential occupational exposures for plague
1. Sheep herders 2. Farmers 3. Ranchers 4. Hunters 5. Geologists
92
Synonyms for plague
1. Black death | 2. Bubonic plague
93
Route of entry for plague
1. Flea critical in maintenance | 2. Rodents and wild mammals main source
94
Local effects of plague
1. Infected bite | 2. Painful nodes
95
Systemic effects of plague
Blood stream with pneumonia- high mortality
96
Preventive measures for plague
1. Control of rats | 2. Active immunization
97
Disease type tuberculosis
Bacterial
98
Potential occupational exposures for tuberculosis
Health professionals
99
Synonyms for tuberculosis
Consumption
100
Route of entry for tuberculosis
Inhalation
101
Local effects of tuberculosis
None
102
Systemic effects of tuberculosis
Pulmonary
103
Preventive measures for tuberculosis
1. Isolation 2. Waste control 3. Skin test 4. X-ray
104
Mycobacterial infection disease type
Bacterial
105
Potential occupational exposures for tuberculosis
1. Fisherman | 2. Handlers of tropical fish
106
Synonyms for Mycobacterial infection
1. Swimming pool granuloma | 2. Fish tank granuloma
107
Route of entry for Mycobacterial infection
Puncture wound, skin break
108
Local effects of Mycobacterial infection
1. Warty nodule | 2. Paroncychia
109
Systemic effects of Mycobacterial infection
None
110
Preventive measures for Mycobacterial infection
1. Gloves | 2. Care of wounds
111
Erysipeloid disease type
Bacterial
112
Potential occupational exposures for erysipeloid
1. Butchers | 2. Poultry and fish handlers
113
Synonyms for erysipeloid
None
114
Route of entry for erysipeloid
Scratches, abrasions, puncture wounds
115
Local effects of erysipeloid
Erythema, pain
116
Systemic effects of erysipeloid
Occasional septicemia
117
Preventive measures for erysipeloid
1. Gloves | 2. Care of wounds
118
Tularemia type of disease
Bacterial
119
Potential occupational exposures for tularemia
1. Forestry workers 2. Butchers 3. Hunters 4. Cooks 5. Framers 6. Vets 7. Lab workers
120
Synonyms for tularemia
1. Deer fly fever | 2. Rabbit fever
121
Route of entry tularemia
1. Disease of rodents 2. Resembles plague 3. Transmitted by fleas, ticks, lice 4. Acquired by handling infected animals (from bites of infected insects, contaminated food or water)
122
Local effects of tularemia
Ulcer inflamed nodes
123
Systemic effects of tularemia
1. Headache 2. Fever 3. Myalgia 4. Chills
124
Preventive measures for tularemia
1. Rubber gloves 2. Avoid raw meat/untreated water 3. Cook game 4. Avoid insects
125
Candidiasis type of disease
Fungal
126
Potential occupational exposures for candidiasis
1. Dishwashers 2. Cooks 3. Bartenders 4. Bakers 5. Cannery and packing house workers 6. Health workers
127
Synonyms for candidiasis
1. Moniliasis | 2. Thrush
128
Route of entry for candidiasis
Skin and mucus membranes
129
Local effects of candidiasis
Cutaneous, oral and vaginal lesions
130
Systemic effects of candidiasis
Rare
131
Preventive measures for candidiasis
1. Care of hands 2. Protective cream 3. Gloves
132
Aspergillosis disease type
Fungal
133
Potential occupational exposures to aspergillosis
1. Farmers 2. Grain mill workers 3. Bird handlers 4. Workers in rope factories
134
Synonyms for aspergillosis
Hemp disease
135
Route of entry for aspergillosis
Inhalation of spores
136
Local effects of aspergillosis
1. Lung 2. Ear 3. Eye 4. Sinuses
137
Systemic effects of aspergillosis
Blood stream dissemination to brain, heart, kidney spleen
138
Preventive measures for aspergillosis
1. Protective masks
139
Histoplasmosis type of disease
Fungal
140
Potential occupational exposures to histoplasmosis
Fungus grows in soils enriched by bat, chicken and other bird excrement
141
Synonyms for histoplasmosis
Darling's disease
142
Route of entry histoplasmosis
Lungs
143
Local effects histoplasmosis
1. Pulmonary resembles tb | 2. Mucocutaneous ulcers ( mouth, throat, tongue, bladder) rare
144
Systemic effects of histoplasmosis
Ranges from self limited to fatal dissemination
145
Preventive measures for histoplasmosis
1. Dust control | 2. Masks
146
Type of disease sporotrichosis
Fungal
147
Potential occupational exposures for sporotrichosis
Fungus exists on plants 1. Farmers 2. Gardeners 3. Florists 4. Nursery workers
148
Synonyms for sporotrichosis
None
149
Local effects of sporotrichosis
Hard, red nodules spreading to the extremities
150
Systemic effects of sporotrichosis
Rare
151
Preventive measures for sporotrichosis
1. Long gloves | 2. Arm protectors
152
Potential occupational exposures for miscellaneous fungal diseases
1. Farmers 2. Sawmill operators 3. Mushroom, sugarcane and cork workers
153
Names of other miscellaneous occupational fungal diseases
1. Farmer's lung | 2. Bagassosis
154
Route of entry for miscellaneous fungal diseases
Inhalation of spores
155
Local effects of miscellaneous fungal diseases
None
156
Systemic effects of miscellaneous fungal diseases
1. Acute respiratory infection | 2. Asthmatic attacks
157
Preventive measures for miscellaneous fungal infections
1. Proper handing of products contaminated with molds | 2. Dust respirators
158
Swimmer's itch type of disease
Parasitic
159
Potential occupational exposures for swimmer's itch
1. Workers around fresh lakes, ponds, swamps 2. Skin divers 3. Dock workers 4. Lifeguards
160
Synonyms for swimmer's itch
1. Schistosome dermatitis 2. Clamdiggers ditch 3. Swamp itch
161
Route of entry for swimmer's itch
Penetration through wet skin
162
Local effects of swimmer's itch
Itching edema, macules, papules
163
Systemic effects of swimmer's itch
None
164
Preventive measures for swimmer's itch
Dry skin thoroughly and immediately
165
Creeping eruption type of infection
Parasitic
166
Potential occupational exposures to creeping eruption
Those working in areas where hookworm eggs in cat or dig fleas are deposited on warm, sandy soil
167
Synonyms for creeping eruption
Cutaneous larva migrans
168
Route of entry creeping eruption
Penetration of skin
169
Local effects of creeping eruption
Serpiginous track of erythema, induration, pruritis
170
Systemic effects of creeping eruption
None
171
Preventive measures for creeping eruption
1. Keep recreational areas free of dogs and cats 2. Rubber boots 3. Gloves
172
Black widow spider
- common throughout the united states particularly in warmer climates - found in darker places - red hour glass mark on female - male does not bite
173
Black widow spider route of entry
- through bite - venom is Neurotoxic - pinprick sensation and numbing may go unnoticed
174
Effects of black widow spider bite
- Works on nervous system - rigidity of stomach muscles - severe abdominal pain - difficulty swallowing - paralysis
175
Preventive measures for black widow spider bites
1. Spay areas of infestation with creosote every two months | 2. Wear protective gloves and clothing
176
Bee, wasp and yellow jacket stings
- occur everywhere - around foods- especially protein - stinger should be removed - local effects include localized edema, pain and swelling - anaphylaxis will usually occur within 20 minutes - do not wear fragrances, bright colors or go barefoot - use repellents
177
Brown recluse spider bites
- common in south central US - most bites occur between April and October - reaction begins 2-8 hours after bite - localized constriction of blood vessels causes necrosis - blister in 3-4 days - ulcer in 2-3 week - systemic effects include fever, chills, malaise, vomiting, joint pains, convulsion - may cause death in small children - no known specific treatment - may use cortisones, antibiotics, antihistamines - spray area with creosote

Occupational & Environmental Health (49 decks)

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