⭐️ BIOCHEMISTRY Flashcards

0
Q

Structure of the water molecule

A

Slightly skewed tetrahedron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Most common chemical component of living organisms

A

Water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The body weight of a normal person consists of

A

40% dry weight

60% water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

60% water in the human body is subdivided into

A

2/3 40%intracellular

1/3 20%extracellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Of the 20% (of body weight) extracellular water in the body, how many percent is interstitial fluid and plasma?

A

15% interstitial fluid

5% plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a dipole?

A

A molecule woth electrical charge distributed asymmetrically about its structure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Water has a high dielectric constant. What does this mean?

A

Water greatly increases the force of attraction between charged and polar species.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Explain.

Water is an excellent nucleophile.

A

Nucleophilic attack by water generally results in the cleavage of the amide, glycoside, or ester bonds that hold bipolymers together.

In other words, water breaks polymers together hence it is a good solvent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Explain.

Water is amphoteric.

A

It can dissciate into hydronium and hydroxide ions. It is both an acid and a base.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Amphoteric vs amphipathic

A

Amphoteric- can act as both an acid and a base

Ampipathic- has hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Measure of acidity or alkalinity

A

pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pH is defined as

A

-log [H+]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the normal pH of blood?

A

7.35-7.45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Acids vs bases

A

Acids are proton donors

Bases are proton acceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Enzyme most likely involved in lens opacities in DM

A

Aldose reductase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Amino acid deficient in PKU

A

Tyrosine