2.1 ANATOMY - Intro Flashcards
Most impt function of the skeletal system
Support of the body
Number of bones in the skeleton
206
2 basic types of bone tissue
Compact and spongy bone
Other name for spongy bone
Cancellous bone
Examples of long bones
Humerus
Femur
Example of irregular bones
Vertebra
Hip
Example of short bones
Carpals
Tarsals
Examples of flat bones
Skull
Ribs
Sternum
The epiphysis is composed mainly of ____ bone
Spongy
The external surface of the epiphyses of long bones are usually covered by
Articular cartilage
Articular cartilage is usually made of
Hyaline cartilage
The medullary cavity of long bones contains what? (Adults and infants)
Adults - yellow marrow
Infants - red marrow
3 types of cartilage
Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrous
3 types of fibers
Collagen
Elastic
Reticular
The axial skeleton is divided into three parts
Skull
Vertebral column
Bony thorax
The appendicular skeleton is divided into
Limbs
Pectoral girdle
Pelvic girdle
All supporting tissues come from which germ layer
Mesoderm
4 types of cells present in bone tissue
Osteogenic cells
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts
What is the germ layer of origin if the humerus?
Somatic mesoderm
In which zone of osteogenesis would accumulate glycogen?
Zone of hypertrophy
Zones of osteogenesis
Resting zone Zone of proliferation Zone of hypertrophy Zone of calcification Zone of ossification
Immovable joints are also known as
Synarthroses
Site at which chondrocytes divide
Resting zone
Zone of osteogenesis
Contains vacuoles and accumulate glycogen
Zone of hypertrophy
Zone of osteogenesis
Lengthens the cartilage model
Zone of proliferation
Zone of osteogenesis
Degenerating osteocytes, matrix between cells filled with hydroxyapatite
Zone of calcification
Zone of osteogenesis
Contains differentiating osteoblasts
Zone of ossification
Joints are classified accdg to
Mobility
Connecting medium
Immovable joints
Synarthroses
Slightly movable joints
Ampiarthroses
Freely movable joints
Diarthroses
2 divisions of the skeletal system
Axial and appendicular
Example of syndesmoses
Distal end of tibia and fibula
Features of a synovial joint
Articular cartilage covers the ends
Synovial cavity and fluid
Ligaments reinforce the joint
Other name for hinge joint
Ginglymus
Other name for ball and socket joint
Enarthroses
Other name for pivot joint
Trochoid
Give examples
Plane joint
Sternoclavicular
Acromioclavicular
Give examples
Hinge joint
Elbow, knee, ankle
Give examples
Pivot
Atlantoaxial
Radioulnar
Give examples
Condyloid
Metacarpophalangeal/knuckle
Give examples
Ellipsoidal
Wrist
Give examples
Saddle
Carpometacarpal of thumb
Give examples
Ball and socket
Shoulder, hip
