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need to knows > basic pharmacology > Flashcards

basic pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

tetrodotoxin

A

Pufferfish.

bind fast vgc Na- prevent depol

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2
Q

ciguatoxin

A

reef fish: barracuda, snapper, eel
bind Na ch, cause depol
s(x)- reversal of hot/cold

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3
Q

histamine (scrombroid)

A

dark meat fish- tuna, mahi mahi, mackeral, bonito

bacterial histidine decarboxylase makes histidine -> histamine therefore looks like ANAPHYLAXIS but needs antihistamines

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4
Q

t(x) for toxicity of acetaminophen

A

N-acetylcysteine (replenishes glutathione)

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5
Q

t(x) for toxicity of arsenic and mercury

A

diMERcaprol, succiMER

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6
Q

t(x) for toxicity of benzodiazepine

A

flumazenil

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7
Q

t(x) for toxicity of B blocker

A

glucagon, atropine

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8
Q

t(x) for toxicity of CO

A

100% O2, hyperbaric O2

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9
Q

t(x) for toxicity of Cu

A

Penacillamine (a Cu Penny) , Trientine

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10
Q

t(x) for toxicity of cyanide

A

nitrite+thiosulfate, hydroxycobalamin

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11
Q

t(x) for toxicity of heparin

A

protamine sulfate

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12
Q

t(x) for toxicity of iron

A

deFERoxamine, deFERasirox, deFERprone

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13
Q

t(x) for toxicity of lead

A

EDTA, diMERcaprol, succiMER, penicillamine

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14
Q

t(x) for toxicity of methanol, ethylene glycol (anti-freeze)

A

Fomepizole> ethanol

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15
Q

t(x) for toxicity of methemoglobin

A

methylene, vit C

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16
Q

t(x) for toxicity of opoids

A

Naloxone

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17
Q

t(x) for toxicity of salicylates and TCA

A

NaHCO3 to alkanize urine

18
Q

t(x) for toxicity of warfarin

A

vit K (slow), FFP (fast)

19
Q

what causes Torsades des Pointes

A 
ABCDE
antiArrhythmics (class IA&III) 
antiBiotics (macrolides)
anti "C"ychotics (haloperidol) 
antiDepressants (TCAs) 
antiEmetics (odansetron)
20
Q

what causes Hyperglycemia

A

Taking Pills Necessitates Having blood Checked

Tacrolimus, Protease i, Niacin, HCTZ, Corticosteroids

21
Q

what causes SIADH

A

Can’t Concentrate Serum Sodium

Carbamazepine, Cyclophosphamide, SSRI

22
Q

what causes Hepatic Necrosis

A

liver “HAVAc”

Halothane, Amanita phalloides, Valproic A, Acetaminophen

23
Q

what causes pancreatitis

A

Drugs Causing A Violent Abdominal Distress

Didanosine, Corticosteroids, Alcohol, Valproic A, Azathioprine, Diuretics

24
Q

what causes Agranulocytosis

A

Can Cause Pretty Major Collapse of Granulocytes

Clozapine, Carbamazepine, Propythiouracil, Methimazole, Colcichine, Gancicylovir

25
Q

what causes aplastic anemia

A

Cant Make New Blood Cells Properly

Carbamazepine, Methimazole, NSAIDS, Benzene, Cholarmphenicol, Propylthiouracil

26
Q

what causes hemolysis in G6PD

A

hemolysis IS D PAIN

Isoniazid, Sulfonamides, Dapsone, Primaquine, Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Nitrofurantoin

27
Q

what causes megaloblastic anemia

A

HydroxYUrea, Phenytoin, Methotrexate, Sulfa

28
Q

what causes fat redistribution

A

Protease Inhibitors, glucocorticoids

29
Q

what causes gout

A

Painful Tophi and Feet Need Care

Pyrazinamide, Thiazide, Furosemide, Niacin, Cyclosporine

30
Q

what causes photo sensitivity

A

SAT For photo

sulfonamides,amiodarone, tetracyclines, 5FU

31
Q

what causes Stevens Johnson

A

Antiepilleptics (lamotrgine)
Allopurinol
Sulfa
Penicillin

32
Q

what causes SLE like syndrome

A 
Lupus is SHIPP-E
Sulfa 
Hydralazine 
Isoniazid 
Phentyoin 
Procainamide 
Etanercept
33
Q

what causes seizures

A 
w/ seizures I BITE (my tongue)
Isoniazide
Buproprion
Imipenem/cilastin 
Tramadol 
Enflurane
34
Q

what causes Parkinson -like syndrome

A

A.R.M.
Antipsychotics
Reserpine
Metoclopramide

35
Q

what causes Pulmonary Fibrosis

A 
My Nose Cannot Breathe Bad Air 
Methotrexate 
Nitrofurantoin
Carmustine 
Bleomycin 
Busulfan 
Amiodarone
36
Q

what causes Disulfiram like reaction

A 
Sorry Pals Cant Go Mingle 
Sulfonylurea
Procarbazine 
Cephalosporins 
GriseSulfavin 
Metronidazole (if taken w/ EtOH)
37
Q

CYTOCHROME P450 INDUCERS (+)

A 
CHRONIC ALCOHOLICS STeal PHEN-PHEN and NEVer REFuse GReasy CARBs
chronic alcoholics 
st. johns wart
phenobarbital 
phenytoin 
Nevirapine 
rifampin
Griseofulvin 
carbamazepine
38
Q

CYTOCHROME P450 INHIBITORS (-)

A 
SICKFACES.COM 
Sodium Valproate 
Isoniazid 
Cemitidine 
Ketoconazole 
Fluconazole 
Acute Alcohol Abuse* 
Chloramphenicol 
Erythromycin 
Sulfonamides 
Ciprofloxacin 
Omeprazole 
Metronidazole
39
Q

Name the Sulfa drugs

A 
Scary Sulfa Pharm FACTS
sulfonamide antibiotics 
sulfasalazine 
Probenecid 
Furosemide 
Acetazolamide 
Celecoxib 
Thiazide 
Sulfonylurea
40
Q

CYP 450 substrates

A 
Always Think When Outdoors 
Anti-epileptics
Theophylline 
Warfarin 
OCPs

need to knows (31 decks)

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