Bacterial Structure and Classes

Question 1

On Gram + induces TNF-a, IL-1 and IL-6

Answer 1

Lipoteichnoic acid

Question 2

Gram stains purple

Answer 2

Gram +

Question 3

Gram stains pink

Answer 3

Gram -

Question 4

On Gram - induces TNF & IL-1

Answer 4

Lipid A portion of Lipolysaccharide

Question 5

On Gram - Antigen

Answer 5

O polysaccharide portion of LPS

Question 6

On Gram - site of endotoxin

Answer 6

LPS

Question 7

In Gram - site of B-lactamases

Answer 7

Periplasmic space

Question 8

Mycolic acid cell wall rich in lipids

Answer 8

Mycobacteria

Resistant to gram stain

Question 9

Giemsa stain

Answer 9

"Certain Bugs Really TRY my Patience"
Chlamydiae 
Borrelia 
Rickettsiae 
Trypansosomes
Plasmodium
Histoplasma

Question 10

Silver stain

Answer 10

Legionella
Pneumocystis and other fungi
H.pylori

Question 11

No cell wall

Requires sterols

Answer 11

Mycosplasm

Ureasplasms

Question 12

Pleomorphic gram -

Answer 12

Rickettsiae
Haemophilus
Chlamydiae

Question 13

PAS stain

Answer 13

Glycogen

Question 14

Ziehl-Neelsen stain

Answer 14

Acid fast stain 
Carbol fuchsin stain 
Nocardia 
Mycobacteria 
Cryptosporidium

Question 15

Doesn’t gram stain

Answer 15

"These Microbes May Lack Real Color"
Trepenoma (too thin) 
Mycobaccteria 
Mycoplasma 
Legionella 
Rickettsia 
Chlamydia

Question 16

Obligate Intracellular

Answer 16

"stay inside when its Really CHilly and COld"
Rickettsia 
Chlamydia 
Coxiella
Rely on host ATP

Question 17

India ink stain

Answer 17

Cryptococcus neoformans

also mucicarmine stains red

Question 18

Eosin methylene blue agar (EMB)

Answer 18

E.coli

Turns colonies green metallic sheen

Question 19

Charcoal yeast extract agar with cysteine and iron

Answer 19

Legionella

Question 20

Sabouraud agar

Answer 20

Fungi agar

Question 21

Chocolate agar 
Factors V (NAD+) 
Factor X (hematin)

Answer 21

H.influenzae

Question 22

Thayer -Martin agar

Answer 22

N.gonorrhoeae

N.meningitisidis

Question 23

Thayer Martin agar also contains

Answer 23

"Very Typically Cultures Neisseria" 
Vancomycin (inhibits gram +) 
Trimethoprim
Colistin (inhibits gram except Neisseria) 
Nystatin (inhibits fungi)

Question 24

Bordet Gengou agar

Tegan Lower medium

Answer 24

Bordetella pertussis

Question 25

Tellurite agar | Loffler medium

Answer 25

C. diptheria

Question 26

Lowerstein-Jensen agar

Answer 26

M.tuberculosis

Question 27

Eaton agar

Answer 27

M.pneumoina

Question 28

MacConkey agar

Answer 28

Lactose fermenting enterics

Question 29

Aerobes

Answer 29

"Nagging Pests Must Breath" Nocardia Pseudomonas MycoBacterium TB

Question 30

Anaerobes

Answer 30

``` "Frankly Can't Breathe Air" Fusobacterium Clostridium Bacteroides Actinomyces ```

Question 31

Anaerobes lack

Answer 31

Catalase or Superoxide dimutase Susceptible to oxygen damage

Question 32

What antibiotic is ineffective against anaerobes?

Answer 32

AminO2glycosides | Require O2 to enter the cell

Question 33

Facultative intracellular

Answer 33

``` "Some Nasty Bugs May Liver FacutlativeLY" Salmonella Neisseria Brucella Mycobacterium listeria Francisella Legionalla Yersinia pestis ```

Question 34

Encapsulated bacteria

Answer 34

``` "SHiNE SKiS" Strep pneumo Haemophilus influ type B Neisseria meningitidis E.coli Salmonella Klebsiella group B strep (Strep Agalactiae) ```

Question 35

Group A Strep

Answer 35

Strep Pyogenes

Question 36

Group B Strep

Answer 36

Strep Agalactiae

Question 37

Catalase +

Answer 37

``` "Catalase Need PLACESS to work" Nocardia Pseudomonas Listeria Aspergillus Candida E.coli Staphylococci Serratia ```

Question 38

Yellow sulfur granulues

Answer 38

Actinomyces israelii | "Israel has yellow sand"

Question 39

Yellow pigment

Answer 39

S.aureus (aureus=gold)

Question 40

Blue-green pigment

Answer 40

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 41

Red pigment

Answer 41

Serratia marcescnes | red maraschino

Question 42

Bacteria with IgA Protease

Answer 42

``` "SHiN" Strep pneumo H.influ Neisseria Helps to colonize respiratory mucosa by cleaving IgA ```

Question 43

Allows for adherence to surfaces

Answer 43

fimbriae | Glycolayx (indwelling catheters)

Question 44

Protects against phagocytosis

Answer 44

Capsule

Question 45

Genes for antibiotic resistance and toxins

Answer 45

Plasmid

Question 46

Exotoxins that binds MCHII and T cell receptors simultaneously

Answer 46

Causes polyclonal T cell expansion and cytokine storm S.aureus Strep Pyogenes (Group A strep)

Question 47

Toxin both gram + and gram -

Answer 47

Exotoxin Secreted from cell after being produced by bacteria Polypeptide

Question 48

Toxin gram - only

Answer 48

Endotoxin (LPS)

Question 49

Toxin with high toxicity

Answer 49

Exotoxin

Question 50

Toxin with low toxicity

Answer 50

Endotoxin

Question 51

Tetanus Botulism Diptheria toxin

Answer 51

Exotoxin

Question 52

Toxin of meningococcemia | Sepsis by gram - rods

Answer 52

Endotoxin

Question 53

Type 3 secretion system injectisome

Answer 53

``` needle like delivery of toxins from gram - bacteria Pseudomonas Shigella Salmonella E.coli ```