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DIT/Boards > Bacterial Structure and Classes > Flashcards

Bacterial Structure and Classes Flashcards

1
Q

On Gram + induces TNF-a, IL-1 and IL-6

A

Lipoteichnoic acid

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2
Q

Gram stains purple

A

Gram +

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3
Q

Gram stains pink

A

Gram -

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4
Q

On Gram - induces TNF & IL-1

A

Lipid A portion of Lipolysaccharide

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5
Q

On Gram - Antigen

A

O polysaccharide portion of LPS

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6
Q

On Gram - site of endotoxin

A

LPS

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7
Q

In Gram - site of B-lactamases

A

Periplasmic space

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8
Q

Mycolic acid cell wall rich in lipids

A

Mycobacteria

Resistant to gram stain

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9
Q

Giemsa stain

A 
"Certain Bugs Really TRY my Patience"
Chlamydiae 
Borrelia 
Rickettsiae 
Trypansosomes
Plasmodium
Histoplasma
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10
Q

Silver stain

A

Legionella
Pneumocystis and other fungi
H.pylori

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11
Q

No cell wall

Requires sterols

A

Mycosplasm

Ureasplasms

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12
Q

Pleomorphic gram -

A

Rickettsiae
Haemophilus
Chlamydiae

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13
Q

PAS stain

A

Glycogen

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14
Q

Ziehl-Neelsen stain

A 
Acid fast stain 
Carbol fuchsin stain 
Nocardia 
Mycobacteria 
Cryptosporidium
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15
Q

Doesn’t gram stain

A 
"These Microbes May Lack Real Color"
Trepenoma (too thin) 
Mycobaccteria 
Mycoplasma 
Legionella 
Rickettsia 
Chlamydia
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16
Q

Obligate Intracellular

A 
"stay inside when its Really CHilly and COld"
Rickettsia 
Chlamydia 
Coxiella
Rely on host ATP
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17
Q

India ink stain

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

also mucicarmine stains red

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18
Q

Eosin methylene blue agar (EMB)

A

E.coli

Turns colonies green metallic sheen

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19
Q

Charcoal yeast extract agar with cysteine and iron

A

Legionella

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20
Q

Sabouraud agar

A

Fungi agar

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21
Q 
Chocolate agar 
Factors V (NAD+) 
Factor X (hematin)
A

H.influenzae

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22
Q

Thayer -Martin agar

A

N.gonorrhoeae

N.meningitisidis

23
Q

Thayer Martin agar also contains

A 
"Very Typically Cultures Neisseria" 
Vancomycin (inhibits gram +) 
Trimethoprim
Colistin (inhibits gram except Neisseria) 
Nystatin (inhibits fungi)
24
Q

Bordet Gengou agar

Tegan Lower medium

A

Bordetella pertussis

25
Q

Tellurite agar

Loffler medium

A

C. diptheria

26
Q

Lowerstein-Jensen agar

A

M.tuberculosis

27
Q

Eaton agar

A

M.pneumoina

28
Q

MacConkey agar

A

Lactose fermenting enterics

29
Q

Aerobes

A

“Nagging Pests Must Breath”
Nocardia
Pseudomonas
MycoBacterium TB

30
Q

Anaerobes

A 
"Frankly Can't Breathe Air"
Fusobacterium 
Clostridium 
Bacteroides 
Actinomyces
31
Q

Anaerobes lack

A

Catalase or
Superoxide dimutase
Susceptible to oxygen damage

32
Q

What antibiotic is ineffective against anaerobes?

A

AminO2glycosides

Require O2 to enter the cell

33
Q

Facultative intracellular

A 
"Some Nasty Bugs May Liver FacutlativeLY"
Salmonella 
Neisseria 
Brucella 
Mycobacterium 
listeria 
Francisella 
Legionalla 
Yersinia pestis
34
Q

Encapsulated bacteria

A 
"SHiNE SKiS"
Strep pneumo 
Haemophilus influ type B 
Neisseria meningitidis 
E.coli 
Salmonella 
Klebsiella 
group B strep (Strep Agalactiae)
35
Q

Group A Strep

A

Strep Pyogenes

36
Q

Group B Strep

A

Strep Agalactiae

37
Q

Catalase +

A 
"Catalase Need PLACESS to work"
Nocardia 
Pseudomonas 
Listeria 
Aspergillus 
Candida 
E.coli 
Staphylococci 
Serratia
38
Q

Yellow sulfur granulues

A

Actinomyces israelii

“Israel has yellow sand”

39
Q

Yellow pigment

A

S.aureus (aureus=gold)

40
Q

Blue-green pigment

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

41
Q

Red pigment

A

Serratia marcescnes

red maraschino

42
Q

Bacteria with IgA Protease

A 
"SHiN"
Strep pneumo
H.influ
Neisseria 
Helps to colonize respiratory mucosa by cleaving IgA
43
Q

Allows for adherence to surfaces

A

fimbriae

Glycolayx (indwelling catheters)

44
Q

Protects against phagocytosis

A

Capsule

45
Q

Genes for antibiotic resistance and toxins

A

Plasmid

46
Q

Exotoxins that binds MCHII and T cell receptors simultaneously

A

Causes polyclonal T cell expansion and cytokine storm
S.aureus
Strep Pyogenes (Group A strep)

47
Q

Toxin both gram + and gram -

A

Exotoxin
Secreted from cell after being produced by bacteria
Polypeptide

48
Q

Toxin gram - only

A

Endotoxin (LPS)

49
Q

Toxin with high toxicity

A

Exotoxin

50
Q

Toxin with low toxicity

A

Endotoxin

51
Q

Tetanus
Botulism
Diptheria toxin

A

Exotoxin

52
Q

Toxin of meningococcemia

Sepsis by gram - rods

A

Endotoxin

53
Q

Type 3 secretion system injectisome

A 
needle like delivery of toxins from gram - bacteria 
Pseudomonas 
Shigella 
Salmonella 
E.coli

DIT/Boards (22 decks)

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