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Microbiology (2060) > Bacterial Pathogens > Flashcards

Bacterial Pathogens Flashcards

Memorizing common bacterial pathogens

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1
Q

What is the full name for Rickettsia?

A

Rickettsia rickettsii

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2
Q

What is the same for pinpoint spots found in rickettsia rickettsii?

A

petechiae

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3
Q

What is the name for larger petechiae?

A

purpura

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4
Q

What are the two full names for Neisseria?

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae of Neisseria meningitidis

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5
Q

How is N. gonorrhoeae diagnosed?

A

Chocolate agar or PCR

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6
Q

Which form of Neisseria causes urethritis?

A

N. gonorrhoeae

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7
Q

Which form of Neisseria is an opportunistic pathogen found in the upper respiratory tract?

A

N. meningitidis

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8
Q

What is the term that describes slow-starting symptoms that rapidly worse?

A

Fulminant progression

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9
Q

How is N. meningitidis diagnosed?

A

spinal tap

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10
Q

What is the term referring to “containing pus?”

A

purulent

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11
Q

Do N. gonorrhoeae or M. meningitidis have capsules?

A

yes, both do

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12
Q

Which bacterial pathogen is vector borne, gram-negative, obligate intracellular, and often causes “spotted fevers?”

A

Rickettsia

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13
Q

What is the full scientific name for rocky mountain spotted fever?

A

Rickettsia rickettsii

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14
Q

Which genus of bacteria is a gram-negative bacilli, has polar flagella, is an opportunistic pathogen, and is a common nosocomial infection?

A

Pseudomonas

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15
Q

What is the scientific name for the bacteria that is associated with moist, watery environments and that infection rates increase with warm weather?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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16
Q

What is the scientific name for the bacteria that is especially common in cystic fibrosis patients?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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17
Q

Otitis externa is often caused by what bacterial pathogen?

A

Pseudomans aeruginosa

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18
Q

What genus of bacteria is motile, gram-negative, slightly curved in shape, and is often transmitted via raw/undercooked shellfish?

A

Vibrio

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18
Q

What is the scientific name for the bacteria that causes cholerae?

A

Vibrio cholerae

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18
Q

What is the order of the bacteria that is a gram-negative bacilli, is motile, has flagella, and can easily use conjugation to inherit drug resistance?

A

Enterobacteriales

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19
Q

What bacteria is the most common cause of UTIs?

A

Escherichia coli

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20
Q

What is the term referring to the stomach flu?

A

Gastroenteritis

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21
Q

Salmonella is part of which order?

A

Enterobacteriales

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22
Q

What are the two diseases that can be caused by salmonella?

A

Typhoid fever and gastroenteritis

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23
Q

How can salmonella be diagnosed?

A

selective or differential culture of stool or leftover food

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24
Q

What is the scientific name for the disease that causes the 3 types of plague?

A

Yersinia pestis

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25
Q

What are the three types of plague?

A

Bubonic, pnemonic, and septicemic

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26
Q

What is the term for tissue death that is associated with the black death?

A

Gangrene

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27
Q

What is the term for “bad air?”

A

Miasmas

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28
Q

What is the genus name that required blood in its growth medium?

A

Haemophilus

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29
Q

Where is haemophilus commonly found?

A

Upper respiratory tract, mouth, vagina, and intestinal tract

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30
Q

What is the scientific name for the bacteria that begins in the upper respiratory tract, becomes sinusitis, otitis, and possibly pneumonia?

A

Haemophilus influenzae

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31
Q

What is the bacterial genus that is slender, curved, and has multiple flagella?

A

Helicobacter

32
Q

What is the most common cause of peptic ulcers?

A

Helicobacter pylori

33
Q

What is the enzyme that raised stomach pH and allows Helicobacter pylori to grow?

A

urease

34
Q

What is the genus that includes whooping cough?

A

Bordetella

35
Q

What is the scientific name for whooping cough?

A

Pertussis

36
Q

What are the 4 types of clostridium bacteria?

A

C. botulinum, C. tetani, C. perfringens, and C. difficile

37
Q

What bacterial pathogen prevents muscle contraction and is known as weak or flaccid paralysis?

A

Clostridium botulinum

38
Q

What bacterial pathogen prevents muscles from relaxing and is known as rigid or spastic contraction?

A

Clostridium tetani

39
Q

What is the biological toxin that is produced by Clostridium tetani?

A

tetanospasmin

40
Q

What bacterial pathogen can be contracted from improperly sterilized canned foods that contain endospores?

A

Clostridium perfringens

41
Q

What bacterial pathogen is known as deadly diarrhea and can be treated via fecal transplant?

A

Clostridium difficile

42
Q

What is the scientific name of the bacteria that causes anthrax?

A

Bacillus anthracis

43
Q

What are the 3 types of Bacillus anthracis?

A

Cutaneous, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal

44
Q

What is the name of the genus that is classified by its pattern of growth in grape-like clusters?

A

Staphylococcus

45
Q

What 2 bacterial pathogens causes impetigo?

A

Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes

46
Q

What is the scientific name for the most pathogenic strain of staphylococcus and that produces coagulase?

A

Staphylococcus aureus

47
Q

What is the Staphylococcal strain that lacks coagulase?

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

48
Q

What bacterial pathogen causes scarlet fever?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

49
Q

What is the term for “destroying red blood cells?”

A

Hemolysins

50
Q

What genus can cause necrotizing fasciitis?

A

Streptococcus

51
Q

What genus is a microaerophile and a psychrotroph?

A

Listeria

52
Q

What is the scientific name for the Listeria bacteria that is transmitted via raw, contaminated food?

A

Listeria monocytogenes

53
Q

What are the two genuses of bacteria found in the phylum actinobacteria?

A

Mycobacterium and Chlamydia

54
Q

What are the two strains of mycobacterium?

A

M. tuberculosis and M. leprae

55
Q

What condition is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

A

Tuberculosis

56
Q

What is the scientific name of the bacterium that causes leprosy?

A

Mycobacterium leprae

57
Q

What is another name for leprosy?

A

Hansen’s disease

58
Q

What is the bacteria that causes trachoma and STIs?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

59
Q

What is the term for abnormally position eyelashes?

A

Trichiasis

60
Q

What is the term meaning “to scrape or wear away by friction?”

A

Abrading

61
Q

What are the two bacteria that are found in the phylum spirochaetes?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi and Treponema pallidum

62
Q

What bacteria causes lyme disease?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

63
Q

What is the vector in Borrelia burgdorferi?

A

blacklegged/deer ticks

64
Q

Erythema migrans is a characteristic skin rash of what bacteria?

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

65
Q

What bacteria causes syphilis?

A

Treponema pallidum

66
Q

What are chancres?

A

painless sores that form 2-3 weeks after syphilis infection

67
Q

What species of Neisseria has a high prevalence and low mortality?

A

N. gonorrhoeae

68
Q

What species of Neisseria has a low prevalence and high mortality?

A

N. meningitidis

69
Q

What is the term that means a bacteria required very specific nutrients in order to grow?

A

Fastidious

70
Q

What type of bacterial infection has increased infection rates during the warm months of the year?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

71
Q

What bacteria is often the cause of stomach cancer?

A

Helicobacter pylori

72
Q

What is the best way to prevent pertussis?

A

DTaP vaccine

73
Q

Is Bacillus anthracis gram negative or gram positive?

A

Gram positive

74
Q

What species of streptococcus is beta hemolytic?

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

75
Q

What is a common treatment for Streptococcus pyogenes?

A

Penicillin

76
Q

What genus of bacteria contains mycolic acid?

A

Mycobacterium

77
Q

What is the purpose of mycolic acid?

A

It slows the penetration of drugs and nutrition

78
Q

Which phylum of bacteria is often viewed by darkfield microscopy?

A

Spirochetes

Microbiology (2060) (11 decks)

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