Bacteria B7 Flashcards
A lot of antibody resistance is through the
plasmids
Prokaryotes don’t have a _________.
nucleus
What is used as locomotion and sensing?
flagella (the whip)
This is sugar and protein.
Cell wall
Gram positive stains _______ and is very _____ and contains teichoic acids.
Purple
THICK
Gram negative stains ________ and is very _____ and is surrounded by outer membrane (LPS/ endotoxin)
Red
THIN
________________ is a componenet of Gram positive.
Teichoic acid
Endotoxin is technically ________
Lipid A
Though the gram positive wall is thicker, the Gram negative wall has an __________.
Outer membrane (LPS)
1 cause of UTI is what?
E. Coli
What are the 3 components of LPS?
Outer oligosaccharide chains (O -antigen)
Core polysaccharide
Inner Lipid A (a.k.a. Endotoxin)
What are the effects of endotoxin?
Systemic Inflammation, fever, possible fatal shock
released when immune system lyses GNRs
Component of LPS released by lysis of GNRs and one GPR (Listeria monocytogenes)
Endotoxin= LIPID A
Bacteria in the blood can be transient. What is it called?
Bacteremia
Bacteremia + life threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection.
Sepsis
QSOFA
If they have 2 out of 3 of these questions what will the person likely have?
SEPSIS
Do they have altered mental status?
Are they breathing rapidly? (more than 22 breaths per min)
IS there systolic BP less than 100?
True/False: Endotoxin shock can be caused by gram positive or gram negative bacteria.
True
True/False: E.Coli may have pili or not.
True
Seeds for bacteria to resist harsh environments.
Endospores
Naked, circular molecule of DNA
Nucleoid
Additional hereditary material
Plasmid
Theses synthesize proteins
Ribosomes
- Bacteria 70S
- Human 80S
Bacteria is what S?
70S (50S + 30S)
Human is what S?
80S (60S + 40S)
These are organisms that prefer oxygen but can live anaerobically.
Facultative anaerobes
These are organisms where oxygen is a poison.
Obligate anaerobes
These are proteins released by replicating microbes.
Exotoxins
These are non-protein released when gram-negative organisms die… causes fever, inflammation, possible shock
Endotoxin= LPS/Lipid A
Enterotoxins are what kind of toxin? what do they do?
Exotoxins
-cause osmotic diarrhea by causing salt to be actively secreted or not reabsorbed.
These stimulate pro-inflammatory cytokine response.
Pyrogenic exotoxins
Pge 2, IL2, IL6
most common causes of cold?
Rhino viruses and corona viruses
picture a rhino with the cold holding a corona beer
True/False: There are almost as many bacteria in the mouth as the gut.
True
Staph Epidermidis is what?
Coag negative staph
Differential agar
look different, visual clues to identification
Blood agar
Hemolysis (differential)
Incomplete RBC lysis
Alpha
Complet RBC lysis
Beta
Beta blood agar plate examples
Str. pyogenes, Group A strep
If bacteria is growing on mannitol salt it is what? Turns yellow?
S. Aureus (to confirm do catalase test, if positive staph, if coag neg its staph epi)
Macconkeys: If it turned purple?
E. coli until proven otherwise! KEE!!!!!!!!! (also lactose fermenters) (important) Klebsiella pneumoniae Enterobacter cloacae E. Coli
Macconkeys grows what?
selects for Gram negative rods
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is what?
oxidase +
This catalyzes conversion of hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water.
Catalase
Which one, staph or strep cause bubbles?
Staph causes bubbles
Strep does not
This differentiates Sta. aureus and Coag Neg staph…. (coag neg staph don’t produce this, but aureus does)
Coagulase
Bacitracin GAS is what?
GBS is what?
GAS: Sensitive
GBS: Resistant
Strep bovis causes endocarditis… almost every time the first test is what?
colonoscopy (strep bovis)
-perforated colon cancer (80% chance)
