B9 - respiration fact test

Question 1

what type of reaction is respiration

Answer 1

exothermic

Question 2

what is aerobic respiration

Answer 2

the process of transferring energy from glucose using oxygen and that it occurs continuously in living cells

Question 3

what is the word equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 3

glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide and water

Question 4

what is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 4

C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 5

what is the energy transferred from respiration used for

Answer 5

• to make larger molecules into smaller molecules
• active transport
• muscle contraction
• maintaining body temperature

Question 6

where do most of the reactions of aerobic respiration occur

Answer 6

the mitochondria

Question 7

when does anaerobic respiration occur

Answer 7

muscles will carry out more anaerobic respiration (without oxygen) if they can’t get enough oxygen to meet energy demands from aerobic respiration

Question 8

what does anaerobic respiration involve

Answer 8

the incomplete breakdown of glucose, which in animals, forms lactic acid
this transfers less energy than aerobic respiration

Question 9

what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals

Answer 9

glucose –> lactic acid

Question 10

how is lactic acid removed

Answer 10

removed from muscles cells by the blood and transported to the liver where it is turned back into glucose by reacting with oxygen

Question 11

what is oxygen debt

Answer 11

the oxygen required to remove the build up of lactic acid and it explains why we puff and pant after vigorous exercise has stopped

Question 12

what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast

Answer 12

glucose –> ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 13

what is anaerobic respiration also called when occurring in yeast cells

Answer 13

fermentation
(this is an important reaction in the bread and alcohol industry)

Question 14

what happens during exercise

Answer 14

• there is an increased demand for energy and muscle contraction
• heart rate increases
• breathing rate and breath volume increases
• arteries supplying muscles dilate

Question 15

what do the changes that occur during exercise result in

Answer 15

more oxygen and glucose being delivered to respiring muscle cells for respiration. more carbon dioxide, lactic acid and heat can also be removed from muscle cells

Question 16

what can long periods of exercise cause

Answer 16

muscle fatigue, where muscles don’t contract efficiently

Question 17

what is the definition of metabolism

Answer 17

the sum of all the biological reactions occurring in a cell or in the body

Question 18

what controls the reactions of metabolism

Answer 18

enzymes
metabolism uses energy transferred by respiration

Question 19

what kind of reactions does metabolism include

Answer 19

reactions that build up larger molecules from smaller ones and reactions that break down larger molecules into smaller ones

Question 20

what are some of the livers functions in the body

Answer 20

• conversion of lactic acid back into glucose
• detoxification of poisonous substances e.g. alcohol
• breakdown of old red blood cells
• breakdown of excess amino acids in urea
• formation and breakdown of glycogen