B17 - organising an ecosystem fact test

Question 1

what can feeding relationships within a community be represented by

Answer 1

food chains

Question 2

what do all food chains begin with

Answer 2

a producer that synthesises molecules

Question 3

what are producers eaten by

Answer 3

primary consumer –> secondary consumer –> tertiary consumer

Question 4

what are predators and prey

Answer 4

predators are consumers that kill and eat other animals. those eaten are prey

Question 5

what are the numbers of predators and prey like in a stable community

Answer 5

rise and fall in cycles

Question 6

what 2 things cause decay

Answer 6

bacteria and fungi

Question 7

what affects the rate of decay

Answer 7

• temperature - enzymes work faster in warm temperatures
• oxygen availability - most decomposers respire aerobically
• water availability - moisture makes it easier to digest food and prevents them from drying out

Question 8

what does bio gas contain and how can it be produced

Answer 8

contains methane which can be used as fuel. it can be produced by the decomposing waste material using microorganisms in anaerobic conditions in a bio gas generator

Question 9

why is decay important

Answer 9

releases nutrients back into the environment ready to be released by other organisms

Question 10

what is compost

Answer 10

a natural fertiliser used by farmers and gardeners on crops and gardens that is made out of decomposed material and is produced by creating ideal conditions for waste to decay

Question 11

what is the water cycle

Answer 11

a continuously occurring chain of evaporation and precipitation that allows the water on Earth to be constantly recycled and provides water to the plants and animals living on land

Question 12

what is evaporation

Answer 12

water turns from a liquid to a gas when it evaporates. energy from the sun can evaporate water from all places on the Earth’s surface such as puddles and oceans

Question 13

what is condensation

Answer 13

after evaporation, water can cool and convert from gas to liquid often forming clouds

Question 14

what is precipitation

Answer 14

occurs when rain, snow, hail and sleet fall from the sky

Question 15

what is surface run-off

Answer 15

much water will be absorbed into the ground after precipitation but if a large volume falls or the surface is already wet, some water can run along the surface of the ground

Question 16

what is transpiration

Answer 16

plants need to maintain a constant stream of water to their leaves for transport and support. so they allow some water to evaporate as water vapour from their leaves to mean that more is continuously pulled to their leaves from the soil

Question 17

what is respiration

Answer 17

water is a product of respiration and is therefore released by living organisms

Question 18

what does the carbon cycle show

Answer 18

how carbon is cycled between organisms and the atmosphere

Question 19

how do you find the rate of a reaction

Answer 19

change in y coordinates / change in x coordinates