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RDS Test 1 > B8-003 Reproductive Organs > Flashcards

B8-003 Reproductive Organs Flashcards

1
Q

the prostate is connected to the pubic symphysis via the […] ligament

A

puboprostatic

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2
Q

limits the direct spread of prostate cancer, preventing it from going into the rectum

A

rectoprostatic fascia (denonvillier)

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3
Q

deepest point of the pelvic area

fluid accumulates here in ascites

in a man

A

rectovesicular pouch

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4
Q

tough, fibrous outer covering of the testicle/ovary

A

tunica albuginea

(septa within testes is also comprised of this)

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5
Q

sperm production occurs in the

A

seminiferous tubules

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6
Q

sperm is stored in the

A

ductals of the epididymis

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7
Q

the vas deferens exits through the […] into the pelvis

A

deep inguinal ring

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8
Q

the ductus deferens ascends up the

A

spermatic cord

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9
Q

form the blood-testes barrier

A

sertoli cells

(in germinal epithelium)

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10
Q

in what layer of the seminiferous tubule is sperm produced?

A

germinal epithelium

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11
Q

supporting/nurturing cells of the sperm

A

sertoli cells

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12
Q

interstitial areas between seminiferous tubules contain […] cells that release testosterone

A

leydig cells

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13
Q

surround the seminiferous tubules and generate contractions to propel sperm/fluid

A

myoid cells

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14
Q

the vas deferens is located superior to the […] on the posterior bladder

A

ureter

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15
Q

where the ampulla of the ductus deferens and the seminal vesicle join is called the […]

A

ejaculatory duct

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16
Q

prostate is located […] to the bladder

A

inferior

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17
Q

the bulbo-urethral glands are located in the […] pouch

A

deep perineal

(inferior to prostate)

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18
Q

secrete thick alkaline fluid that contains fructose and a coagulating agent to mix with sperm

A

seminal gland

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19
Q

blood supply to prostate [2]

A

inferior vesicle artery and middle rectal artery

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20
Q

what zone/lobe of the prostate is highly susceptible to BPH?

A

medial lobe (or central zone)

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21
Q

what zone/lobe of the prostate are more susceptible to prostate cancer ?

A

peripheral zone/inferior lobe

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22
Q

space between the pubic symphysis and bladder

A

retropubic space

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23
Q

pouch between the rectum and uterus

A

recto-uterine pouch (Douglas)

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24
Q

pouch between the bladder and uterus

A

vesico-uterine pouch

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25
Q

anchoring point for pelvic floor musculature and perineal muscles

A

perineal body

AKA perineal body

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26
Q

in females, the ureter runs adjacent to the […] ligament

A

suspensory ligament of the ovary

also cardinal

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27
Q

[…] encircle the cervix as is protrudes into the vagina

A

fornices

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28
Q

fold of peritoneum comprising the mesometrium, mesovarium, and mesosalpinx

A

broad ligament

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29
Q

connects the uterus to the lateral pelvic wall

A

broad ligament

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30
Q

ligament containing the ovary, fallopian tube, and round ligament

A

broad ligament

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31
Q

connects ovary to uterine horn

A

ovarian ligament

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32
Q

uterine ligament that is a derivative of the gubernaculum [2]

A

ovarian ligament
round ligament

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33
Q

connects the uterine horn to the labia majora

A

round ligament

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34
Q

uterine ligament that travels through the superficial inguinal canal

A

round ligament

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35
Q

connects the ovary to the lateral pelvic wall

A

suspensory (infundibulopelvic) ligament

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36
Q

uterine ligament containing the ovarian vessels

A

suspensory (infundibulopelvic) ligament

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37
Q

ovarian vessel ligation during oophorectomy risks damaging the

A

ureter

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38
Q

connects the cervix to the lateral pelvic wall

A

cardinal ligament

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39
Q

uterine ligament containing the uterine vessels

A

cardinal ligament

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40
Q

condensation at the base of the broad ligament forms the

A

cardinal ligament

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41
Q

uterine vessel ligation during hysterectomy risks damaging the

A

ureter

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42
Q

connects the cervix to the sacrum

A

uterosacral ligament

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43
Q

ligaments providing active support to the uterus [2]

A

cardinal
uterosacral

(everything else is passive)

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44
Q

uterine artery and vein travel in the […] ligament

A

cardinal

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45
Q

the ovarian artery and vein travel in the […] ligament

A

suspensory (infundibulopelvic) ligament

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46
Q

the ovarian artery and the uterine artery anastomose in the [2]

A

mesovarium
mesosalpinx

(of the broad ligament)

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47
Q

angle of the uterine body and axis of cervix

A

anteflexion

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48
Q

angle of axis of the vagina and axis of the cervix

A

anteversion

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49
Q

uterus is located more posteriorly

A

retroversion

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50
Q

ligaments involved in ovarian torsion [2]

A

suspensory
ovarian

51
Q

most common locations for ectopic pregnancy

A

ampulla of uterine tube
isthmus of uterine tube

52
Q

uterus starts to descend into the vagina

A

uterine prolapse

53
Q

bladder protrudes through vagina

54
Q

rectum protrudes anteriorly into vagina

55
Q

abdominal contents put pressure into the pouch of Douglas and push into the vagina

A

enterocele

56
Q

part of the ovary that house the oogonia and corpus lutea

57
Q

part of the ovary that is highly vascular and contains nerves

58
Q

what layer of the endometrium is lost during menstruation?

A

stratum functionalis (superficial) layer

59
Q

what layer of the endometrium is the source of regeneration?

A

stratum basalis (basal) layer

60
Q

most common pelvic neoplasm

A

fibroids (leiomyomas)

61
Q

sensitive to HPV viruses and site of cervical cancer

A

squamous-columnar junction and transformation zone of cervix

62
Q

epithelial histology of the ectocervix

A

stratified squamous epithelium, non-keratinized

63
Q

epithelial histology of the transformation zone

A

squamocolumnar junction

64
Q

most common area for cervical cancer
sampled by pap test

A

transformation zone

65
Q

epithelial histology of the endocervix

A

simple columnar epithelium

66
Q

epithelial histology of the uterus

A

simple columnar epithelium with long tubular glands in the proliferative phase and coiled glands in the secretory phase

67
Q

epithelial histology of the fallopian tube

A

simple columnar epithelium, ciliated

68
Q

epithelial histology of the outer surface of the ovary

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

69
Q

epithelial histology of the vagina

A

stratified squamous epithelium, non-keratinized

70
Q

pathway of sperm during ejaculation (First Aid version)

A

Seminiferous tubules
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory ducts
Nothing
Urethra
Penis

SEVEN UP

71
Q

cell of the seminiferous tubule that maintains the germ cell pool and produce primary spermatocytes

A

speramatogonia

72
Q

germ cells that line the seminiferous tubules

A

spermatogonia

73
Q

cell of the seminiferous tubule that secrete inhibin B and androgen binding protein

A

sertoli cells

74
Q

cell of the seminiferous tubule that produce MIF

A

sertoli cells

75
Q

tight junctions between […] cells forms the bood-testis barrier

A

sertoli cells

(isolates gametes from autoimmune attack)

76
Q

cell of the seminiferous tubule that support/nourish developing spermatozoa

A

sertoli cells

77
Q

cell of the seminiferous tubule that regulates spermatogenesis

A

sertoli cells

78
Q

cell of the seminiferous tubule that are temperature sensitive

A

sertoli cells

(decrease sperm production and increase inhibin B)

79
Q

convert testosterone and androstenedione to estrogens via aromatase

in males

A

sertoli cells

80
Q

homolog of female granulosa cell

A

sertoli cells

granuolSa,Sertoli, fSh

81
Q

cell of the seminiferous tubule that secrete testosterone in the presence of LH

A

leydig cells

82
Q

cell of the seminiferous tubule that is unaffected by temperature

A

leydig cells

83
Q

homolog of female theca interna cells

A

leydig cells

84
Q

prior to ejaculation, sperm are stored in the

A

epididymis

85
Q

BPH most commonly affects the […] of the prostate

A

median lobe/transition zone

86
Q

prostatic cancer most commonly affects the […] of the prostate

A

posterior lateral lobes/ peripheral zone

87
Q

open onto the posterior of the bladder wall, commonly affected by posterior bladder cancer

88
Q

what is the most common position of the uterus

A

anteflexed and anteverted

89
Q

layer in which fibroids form

A

myometrium

90
Q

vaginal artery and vaginal branch both arise from the […] artery

91
Q

vaginal structure surrounding the cervix

A

fornices

(ligated in hysterectomy)

92
Q

what layers are incised to access the vas deferens

A

skin
dartos
external spermatic fascia (external oblique)
cremaster (internal oblique)
internal spermatic fascia (transversalis)

93
Q

what structures should be dissected away during vasectomy? [2]

A

testicular artery
pampiniform plexus of veins

94
Q

pathway of sperm from testis to urethra (Keim’s version)

A

seminiferous tubules
rete testis
efferent ductules
epididymis (stores sperm)
vas deferens
ejaculatory duct
prostatic urethra
intermediate urethra
spongey urethra

95
Q

the vas deferens combines with the […] via the ejaculatory duct

A

seminal vesicle

96
Q

immune reaction that can be a complication of vasectomy

A

sperm granuloma

(hard nodule in place that procedure was performed)

97
Q

if cervical cancer is effecting the stratified squamous epithelium, what is it called?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

98
Q

if cervical cancer is effecting the simple columnar epithelium, what is it called?

A

cervical adenocarcinoma

99
Q

the transformation zone of the cervix is […] as the female ages

100
Q

fluid build up in a persistent process vaginalis causing a swollen testis

101
Q

diagnosed via transillumination, the light penetrates through

A

hydrocele

(if hemocele, light would not penetrate)

102
Q

engorgement of the pampiniform plexus of veins in a “worm-like” sac

A

varicocele

103
Q

varicocele is most commonly on the left side due to compression of the […] vein between the aorta and SMA

A

left renal vein

(nutcracker syndrome)

104
Q

compression of left renal vein between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery

A

Nutcracker syndrome

105
Q

undescended or agenesis of a testicle

A

cryptorchidism

106
Q

painless-fluid filled sac of the epididymis

A

spermatocele

107
Q

weakening of the ligaments and muscles supporting the uterus due to pregnancy, age, and weight can result in […] causing urinary incontinence

A

uterine prolapse

108
Q

chronic […] infection is the primary cause of cervical cancer

109
Q

edematous ovaries on ultrasound and decreased ovarian blood flow on doppler

A

ovarian torsion

110
Q

ovarian torsion occurs in the […] ligament

A

suspensory

(can occlude ovarian artery and vein)

111
Q

[…] ducts open in the seminal colliculus

A

ejaculatory ducts

112
Q

[…] ducts open into the urethral sinuses

113
Q

[…] ducts open into the bulbous part of the penile urethra

A

bulbourethral ducts

114
Q

the ducts of the […] join the ampulla of the ductus deferens to form the ejaculatory duct

A

seminal vesicle

115
Q

pathological accumulations of serous fluids within the spermatic cord due to serous secretions from a remnant of the peritoneum (tunica vaginalis)

116
Q

painless swollen testis that feels like a water balloon

117
Q

identify the layers of the uterus

A

A. stratum functionalis of endometrium
b. stratum basalis of endometrium
c. myometrium
d. serosa

118
Q

fibroids form in what layer of the uterus?

A

myometrium

119
Q

presents with heavy/prolonged menses, reproductive dysfunction, and bulk related symptoms

120
Q

what is the normal histology of the place a Pap smear is obtained?

A

transition from squamous to columnar epithelial cells

121
Q

will present with continuous urine loss from the vagina

A

vesicovaginal fistula

122
Q

positional, intermittent leakage of urine from the vagina could indicated

A

ureterovaginal fistula

123
Q

BPH will most likely form in what zone of the prostate?

A

transition (central) zone

AKA median lobe

124
Q

prostate cancer will most likely form in what zone of the prostate?

A

peripheral zone

RDS Test 1 (23 decks)

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