B5 - Enzymes

Question 1

Where are enzymes located? [1]

Answer 1

Inside cells

Question 2

What are enzymes? [3]

Answer 2

Proteins that are involved in all metabolic reactions, where they function as biological catalysts

Question 3

Enzymes have a particular _____ [1]

Answer 3

Shape

Question 4

What is the special region in an enzyme called? [1]

Answer 4

Active site

Question 5

What does an active site have? [2]

Answer 5

Specific shape that fits with other molecules

Question 6

Where does the chemical reaction take place in an enzyme? [1]

Answer 6

Active site

Question 7

What is the molecule(s) that fit into the active site called? [1]

Answer 7

Substrate

Question 8

What is a catalyst? [2]

Answer 8

A substance that speeds up a reaction without being used up

Question 9

What is a substrate? [2]

Answer 9

A substance acted on by an enzyme. The substrate molecules become product molecules

Question 10

What is an enzyme-substrate complex? [2]

Answer 10

When a substrate molecule fits into the active site

Question 11

What does the lock in a lock and key model represent? [1]

Answer 11

Enzyme

Question 12

What does the screw represent in a screwdriver and screw model? [1]

Answer 12

Substrate

Question 13

What must happen for an enzyme to work? [2]

Answer 13

1. come into physical contact with its substrate
2. have an active site which fits the substrate

Question 14

What does increasing temperature increase? [1]

Answer 14

Kinetic energy of the molecules

Question 15

What is an optimum temperature? [2]

Answer 15

When the rate of reaction is highest

Question 16

What does the temperature rise cause amino acids to do? [1]

Answer 16

It causes the amino acid chains in the protein to unravel

Question 17

What does the temperature rise result in? [1]

Answer 17

The active site changing shape

Question 18

Why does the rate of reaction decrease after the active site changes shape? [1]

Answer 18

The substrate can no longer bind

Question 19

When does the reaction stop? [1]

Answer 19

When all the enzymes are denatured

Question 20

Is enzymes being denatured permanent or temporary? [1]

Answer 20

Permanent

Question 21

What is pH the measure of? [1]

Answer 21

acidity

Question 22

pH 2 is very ______ and is found in the _______ [2]

Answer 22

• acidic
• stomach

Question 23

pH 7 is _______ and is found in the _____ [2]

Answer 23

• neutral
• mouth

Question 24

What is the saliva enzyme? [1]

Answer 24

Amylase

Question 25

What does each enzyme have its own of? [1]

Answer 25

Optimum pH

Question 26

What happens to the enzyme if the pH is above or below the optimum pH? [2]

Answer 26

• enzyme is denatured
• active site changes shape

Question 27

What type of reactions do enzymes speed up? [2]

Answer 27

1. break up larger molecules to smaller ones
2. put smaller molecules to make bigger molecules

Question 28

What does an increased kinetic energy in molecules mean? [2]

Answer 28

• molecules move around more rapidly
• they collide more

Question 29

pH 9 is ________ and is found in the _____ _________ [2]

Answer 29

• alkaline
• small intestine

Question 30

An active site is _____________ to it’s substrate [1]

Answer 30

complementary

Question 31

What happens to the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction when the temperature increases? [1]

Answer 31

INCREASES