B12 - Respiration Flashcards
What is respiration? [2]
Respiration is a chemical reaction which takes place in all cells in all living things to release chemical energy.
What is the main nutrient used to provide energy in all cells? [1]
Glucose
What are the 6 uses of energy in living organisms? [6]
- Muscle contraction
- Protein synthesis
- Cell division
- Growth
- The passage of nerve impulses
- Maintenance of a constant body temperature
What is AEROBIC respiration? [2]
A series of chemical reactions in cells that USE oxygen to break down nutrient molecules (glucose) to release energy.
What is the word equation for AEROBIC respiration? [2]
glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water
What is the symbol equation for AEROBIC respiration? [2]
C6H12O6 + O2 –> CO2 + H2O
What is the balanced symbol equation for AEROBIC respiration? [2]
C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O
What is an exothermic reaction and is respiration one? [3]
- When a chemical reaction releases heat = exothermic reaction
- Yes, respiration releases heat so it is an exothermic reaction
What is ANAEROBIC respiration? [2]
The series of chemical reactions in the cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy WITHOUT oxygen.
What is the word equation for ANAEROBIC respiration? [2]
glucose –> lactic acid
What is built up, in muscles, during ANAEROBIC respiration? [1]
Toxic lactic acids
What does the build up of toxic lactic acids cause our muscles to do? [2]
- Fatigue
- Cramp
Can ANAEROBIC respiration happen for long periods of time? Why or why not? [1]
No - it will cause fatigue & cramp
When STRENUOUS exercises stop what happens to the lactic acids? [1]
It is sent via the bloodstream to the liver.
What does the liver do to the lactic acids? [1]
It oxidises it/breaks it down.
