B2.1

Question 1

What does the vacuole do?

Answer 1

Contains the cell sap (sugars/salts)

Question 2

What do mitochondria do?

Answer 2

Releases most of the energy in respiration

Question 3

What does the cell wall do?

Answer 3

Strengthens the cell and is made of cellulose

Question 4

What does the cell membrane do?

Answer 4

Controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell (diffusion)

Question 5

Where does protein synthesis occur?

Answer 5

Ribosomes

Question 6

Where do most of the chemical reactions in a cell take place?

Answer 6

Cytoplasm

Question 7

What does the chloroplast do?

Answer 7

Contains chlorophyll that absorbs light energy to make food

Question 8

What does the nucleus do?

Answer 8

~ Controls activities of the cell

~ Contains genetic information

Question 9

What features are found in a plant cell?

Answer 9

Cell wall
Cell membrane 
Chloroplasts
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Vacuole

Question 10

What features are found in an animal cell?

Answer 10

Cell membrane 
Cytoplasm 
Nucleus 
Ribosomes 
Mitochondria

Question 11

How can you increase the rate of diffusion?

Answer 11

Increase the difference in concentration

Question 12

What is diffusion?

Answer 12

The spreading of a gas, or a substance in solution, where higher concentrations move to lower concentrated regions

Question 13

What features are found in a bacterium cell?

Answer 13

~ Cell wall
~ Cytoplasm
~ Cell membrane
~ Genetic material

Question 14

What’s the difference about the cell wall in plant and bacterium cells?

Answer 14

In bacterium cells the cell wall is not made of cellulose

Question 15

As bacterium cells have no nucleus, where does their genetic material lie?

Answer 15

Free within the cytoplasm

Question 16

What features does a yeast cell have?

Answer 16

~ Cell wall
~ Cytoplasm 
~ Cell Membrane 
~ Nucleus 
~ Ribosomes
~ Vacuole
~ Mitochondria

Question 17

Why does diffusion happen in cells?

Answer 17

~ They need to remove what they don’t need (carbon dioxide, waste products)
~ They need to take in what they need (oxygen, food)

Question 18

What features are found in both animal and plant cells?

Answer 18

~ Nucleus
~ Cytoplasm
~ Cell membrane

Question 19

What features are found in plants but not animals?

Answer 19

~ Cell wall
~ Chloroplasts
~ Vacuole

Question 20

What do ribosomes do?

Answer 20

Make proteins from amino acids

Question 21

How are sperm specialised?

Answer 21

~ Tails so they can swim to the egg

~ Lots of mitochondria to provide energy from respiration

Question 22

How are root hair cells specialised?

Answer 22

Has a hair like structure to increase surface area, so it can absorb more water and minerals

Question 23

How are red blood cells specialised?

Answer 23

~ No nucleus so it has more space to carry oxygen

~ Special shape to give a large surface area so it can carry more oxygen

Question 24

What substances move in and out of cells by diffusion?

Answer 24

Dissolved substances

Question 25

What is diffusion?

Answer 25

The spreading of the particles of a gas, or any substance in solution, from an area of high concentration to low concentration

Question 26

What increases the rate of diffusion?

Answer 26

A greater difference in concentration